Half of US states now using facial recognition to vet unemployment claims

https://www.cnn.com/2021/07/23/tech/idme-unemployment-facial-recognition/index.html

by pseudolus • 5 years ago

180 150 5 years ago

swiley2• 5 years ago

I've started wearing a mask outside again because I've realized it provides some defense against this stuff and they'll probably make it illegal again if people stop doing it.

phreack• 5 years ago

As a bonus, you help prevent the spread of that deadly virus that's ailing us all! (Please everyone, stay masked, no country is really safe yet)

perl4ever2• 5 years ago

I'm seeing some more masks lately, but I doubt it will get back to where it was.

And therefore, I suspect there will be a lot more cold and flu cases this winter than last.

Somewhere I think I read something about how masks probably prevented 40,000 flu deaths. It makes the comments about how "covid-19 is no worse than the flu" seem particularly ironic.

hourislate2• 5 years ago

I will wear a mask for as long as I can without drawing any attention to myself. I've even thought about wearing a gator over my mask that has a print that fucks with facial recognition.

https://www.sarabmoura.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/7d2914...

I figure there are still a lot of Greek Alphabet letters left for Corona that will give me at least a decade to continue to wear the mask without looking crazy.

snypher• 5 years ago

I'd love a flexible e-ink or oled display so we can finally make the A Scanner Darkly masks / scramble suit.

http://objectsinfilm.blogspot.com/2015/04/object-13-scramble...

hellbannedguy2• 5 years ago

More towns, and cities, need to ban facial recognition completely.

We shouldn't have to wear costumes, especially in America?

cratermoon2• 5 years ago

There are several companies that will let you customize and personalize face masks with any pattern you want. I had a half dozen of various patterns printed a year ago.

1 https://github.com/BruceMacD/Adversarial-Faces

2 https://towardsdatascience.com/fooling-facial-detection-with...

hellbannedguy2• 5 years ago

I've gotten used to the mask.

I'm glad retail stores can't figure out whom I am.

My allergies are better too.

I was the odd ball guy who wore a mask before Covid when doing most stuff outside though.

I am prepared for retail saying no to masks though. They will claim security, or some other reason.

I would like to see a federal law stating a person can wear a mask anywhere, at anytime, with obvious common sence exceptions, like DMV, and I guess international flights?

disabled2• 5 years ago

It's called a disability accommodation. Legally in the United States they can only ask is if the mask is needed "on the basis of a disability". They cannot legally ask what disability it is. The Rehabilitation Act and also the Americans with Disabilities act applies in this situation.

There is another law for air carriers, and the Rehabilitation Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act does not apply once you enter an airport. For airlines/airports/flights the law is called the Air Carrier Access Act, and it applies to flights to and from the US. In that case, you may need a note from your doctor.

JohnFen3• 5 years ago

There have been some studies that have shown that some face recognition tech has more trouble with black masks than other colors. So make yours black.

endisneigh• 5 years ago

This isn't great, but there have been states that already use biometrics (e.g. fingerprints). I see this as an unfortunate acceleration of a trend ten some new thing that's begun.

I'm surprised they'd bother with facial recognition as it's a downgrade generally from fingerprints and fails the "twin test." The article doesn't really explain the impetus for using facial recognition.

HarryHirsch• 5 years ago

If a person filing for unemployment benefits fails the facial recognition step a few times, they'll be directed to a video chat where they must show identification documents to what ID.me calls a "trusted referee," the majority of whom are employees (the rest are contractors).

This sounds like a service that the DMV or police or town hall could offer. Every damned public notary does the same when they notarize a document, they check the drivers license against the person. In other words - someone is grifting from the government.

yumraj• 5 years ago

CA DMV is using ID.me and now forces you to share data with IM.me when you login or create a new account.

Seems like a disaster waiting to happen.

Worse, ID.me's privacy policy (https://www.id.me/privacy) states: The Service and Website offer eligible Users who create an account with an electronic identification resource (or “ID.me Account”) that allows eligible Users to verify their status as a member of an affinity group create accounts with websites that use the ID.me Account and access certain exclusive benefits, including without limitation, deals, discounts, cash back rebates and employment and educational opportunities, offered by participating retailers, service providers, employers or benefits administrators (collectively, the “ID.me Service”)

They also run a shop at: https://shop.id.me/

Barrin92• 5 years ago

This seems to me like a common scheme in the US. People have a general aversion to government services, but they still need to be done so in the end the government ends up actually paying some completely opaque private actor for the benefit.

I remember reading about laws preventing the police from collecting license plate data but not private individuals, so companies exist where the police literally buys license plate location data and nobody knows anything about what data they collect. Same with Palantir, same with Clearview and so on.

Kinda disturbing trend to outsource fundamental services regarding identity and privacy to unaccountable private industry.

dragonwriter6• 5 years ago

This seems to me like a common scheme in the US. People have a general aversion to government services

The people with the strongest aversion, and who pay for the propaganda to create and maintain that aversion in others, are also people who benefit financially from government functions being outsourced to private industry.

cratermoon2• 5 years ago

They have an aversion to the "undeserving" getting government services, and are happy to set up a complicated public/private partnership to "prevent fraud", even if that privatized program ends up costing more and being less effective than just directly providing the services by a government program, even with fraud.

It's not surprising there's now a big push to 'prove' that the pandemic unemployment benefits were wastefully expensive. It doesn't fit the neoliberal economic worldview that says government aid should be "need based" and have means testing. Of course the total dollar amount said to be lost to the waste is less than what the DoD spends in a day.

The most obviously agenda-driven aspect of this new pandemic fraud panic is that it directly plays on the American aversion to the helping the "losers" who didn't clear the "pulled up by one's own bootstraps" bar. It's the same rhetoric employed against student loan forgiveness and by the Tea Party, to name just a couple of examples.

Spooky232• 5 years ago

Identity is fraught because we leave it to revenue collection agencies (DMV).

Usually interstate sharing of DMV records is only allowed for law enforcement purposes. So a traffic camera can look up your records, but a permitting agency cannot.

Other uses are usually not allowed unless specified by statute. DMVs sell everything, and other agencies buy that data back from companies like ID.me and others.

d110af5ccf8• 5 years ago

companies exist where the police literally buys license plate location data and nobody knows anything about what data they collect

The problem here isn't that the police aren't collecting such data themselves but rather that private companies are still allowed to. You're pointing to a massive loophole in the current regulations in order to argue against having any regulation at all. Instead, the loophole should be closed - I have no interest in living in a glass house dystopia.

frosted-flakes• 5 years ago

Canada Post does this. Post offices are everywhere, so it's reasonably convenient. For example, when I applied for student loans in Ontario and when I opened an online bank account I had to go to a post office to verify my identity.

d110af5ccf8• 5 years ago

The US does this at the federal level, for example when applying for a passport. For state related matters the local DMV (goes by DoL in some states) does this. The oddity to me is how difficult it seems to be proving for many (most?) states to link their unemployment payouts back to their own driver's license databases.

I suppose the issue is that not everyone who collects unemployment necessarily has an ID card, and that someone with an ID card doesn't necessarily have a current mailing address (someone might be homeless or couch surfing for example). It seems like a fairly straightforward solution would be to have those people physically come in to a local licensing office.

But that would introduce accessibility issues for many (the most disadvantaged would be the most inconvenienced), hence facial recognition and video chats, but apparently the state couldn't be bothered to build out it's own system for that?

A much better solution would be to just put PKI chips into ID cards. US passports, the US DoD, many other countries, and the vast majority of credit cards have this at this point. Why not state issued photo IDs? I have no idea.

Oh yeah, and most states send unemployment electronically to a bank account. So it seems like you could just require the account to be with a bank that operates in the US and thus already complies with our rather extensive KYC laws. I have no idea why the banks themselves couldn't be used to vet their customers here.

On the whole I'm completely unimpressed.

refurb2• 5 years ago

Ahhh yes the DMV. Let me get an appointment for next month and deal with a pissed off employee who says “no, the website told you the wrong documents, you’ll have to come back”.

pyuser5835• 5 years ago

Yes, but notaries aren’t generally public employees. If I need a notary, I go to the bank or Fedex store.

This is something that can totally be handled by private orgs.

But it has to actually be done!

landemva3• 5 years ago

In the notary laws I have read, they are clearly officers of the courts. They usually are not paid by the courts, but they have strict enforcement of what they do.

hourislate2• 5 years ago

It seems both Matt Thompson and Blake Hall (former Army Rangers) launched the company while at Harvard for the Military and I presumed through connections they had. After the Military adopted their platform, they were able to segway into the Civilian Gov side of things.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ID.me

nickysielicki5• 5 years ago

I understand the concern that people aren't getting help when they need it, but the numbers around unemployment insurance fraud are unbelievable. Axios reported that as much as half of all unemployment insurance paid out has been stolen. [1]

My dad was one of the 21.5 million who had their SSNs stolen as a part of having a government background check done [2], and a couple weeks ago he was personally a victim of someone fraudulently applying for unemployment benefits on his behalf.

I'm not saying that facial recognition is a reasonable way to try to fix this, but we're talking about $400,000,000,000 being stolen. They have to figure something out.

[1] https://www.axios.com/pandemic-unemployment-fraud-benefits-s...

[2] https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/10/us/office-of-personnel-ma...

seizethegdgap• 5 years ago

half of all unemployment insurance *during the pandemic*. 10% in 2019 (https://www.wsj.com/articles/unemployment-fraud-spreads-acro...)

Conservative legislatures and governors/presidents have spent the last few decades gutting the agencies that handle unemployment, and then suddenly an extra 10% of the country is unemployed for weeks. Yeah, we're gonna see an increase in fraud.

jandrewrogers4• 5 years ago

In my deep blue State, progressives have had control of the government for a long time. They sent the better part of a billion dollars in unemployment aid to literal Nigerian scammers. No one even disagrees that the cause was gross negligence and incompetence. “Mistakes were made.” Somehow, the person responsible for this hilarious and shameful episode failed upward and is now a member of the Biden administration.

I’m sure “conservatives” are responsible for many ills but where I live this isn’t one of them because they were never involved. If you want to fix it, you have to be honest about the problem.

refurb2• 5 years ago

Huh? CA hasn’t had a Republican majority in its legislature in a couple decades?

Eventually those govts have to take some responsibility for the rampant fraud.

Lammy4• 5 years ago

Axios reported that as much as half of all unemployment insurance paid out has been stolen.

I can't help but notice that people tend to talk about unemployment in terms of percentages instead of in terms of dollars. While 2020 was obviously an exception it looks like the US has paid out generally around $30billion most years: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/W825RC1

Lots of companies make more than every year in pure profit, not just revenue. Apple and Google made more than that last quarter:

https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/FB/facebook/gross-...

https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/GOOG/alphabet/gros...

https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/AAPL/apple/gross-p...

https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/MSFT/microsoft/gro...

These companies are all doing the "Double Irish" tax dance, so how much of that profit do you think is flowing back into the USA? I feel like if it were really about the dollars we would be fighting these corporate tax arrangements instead of trying to make poor peoples' lives even worse than they already are.

nickysielicki5• 5 years ago

Your argument is that high levels of fraud by international crime syndicates isn't the real problem, the problem is that we don't tax corporations enough to be able to withstand that fraud?

I'm sorry, that's completely ridiculous.

tbihl• 5 years ago

The dollars are relevant, but the widespread fraud is the more important aspect.

bradleyjg6• 5 years ago

Double Irish doesn’t even exist anymore. The least you could do is keep your off topic rant up to date.

kortilla10• 5 years ago

So you’re presented with a massive amount of money that is being stolen and your answer is to just raise taxes to make up for it?

erik_seaberg• 5 years ago

Colorado sent me an unemployment benefit debit card. They get some credit for using my actual address (some scammer was hoping to steal it from our mailbox, I guess?) but they should have noticed I’ve lived in California for a decade and have literally never been employed in Colorado.

Spooky232• 5 years ago

Typically that type of issue is addressed in audit. There’s no requirement that you live in a state to collect or file for unemployment. UI validates against IRS data and may or may not know where you are based out of.

My guess is some project manager at a fraud boiler room stuck your zip code in in the “CO” folder instead of “CA”. The people who file these claims are literally on the phone all day and know what to say.

elliekelly• 5 years ago

I guess I don’t really understand why unemployment payments don’t “come” from the (former) employer? They already know the direct deposit details and have a rough idea of the eligibility. It seems like the easy solution would be for a partial “paycheck” to keep being deposited and have the state make payments to the employer, instead.

If Acme Corp. gets an unemployment claim for an employee who’s still working they’re in a much better position to quickly recognize the fraud. And if they get a legitimate claim for a former employee but to a previously unknown bank account it’s easy enough for them to get in touch with the employee to double check the details.

triceratops• 5 years ago

Acme Corp's unemployment insurance premiums go up when their employees file claims. It's in their interest to deny claims. You'd be moving fraud around somewhat.

Is it possible that the total fraud would be lower because most businesses would prefer to follow the law and not be busted? Maybe, but it's hard to say.

In California the UI office will get in touch with your former employer to verify your claim. So there's that at least. Not to mention, what do you do when people lose their jobs because the employer has gone out of business?

jandrewrogers4• 5 years ago

Unemployment insurance is part of the social safety net that is paid to the State. Among many other issues with tying this to the employer (much like with healthcare), the employer may not even exist anymore but the former employee is still entitled to unemployment.

States that weren’t doing it from the beginning did start checking with employers to determine if a person was actually unemployed.

anigbrowl4• 5 years ago

It's make more sense for them to be distributed by the tax authorities, but we love to do things the stupid way.

acomjean• 5 years ago

I had someone file for unemployment in my name. I got an email from our Human Resources telling me my unemployment claim was rejected because I’m still employeed, with some information about what to do next if I hadn’t filed the claim (I hadn’t)

paulddraper2• 5 years ago

I guess I don’t really understand why unemployment payments don’t “come” from the (former) employer?

So now employees are financially reliant on employer that just fired them?

robbedpeter• 5 years ago

I've had several former employers I wouldn't have wanted to maintain any sort of relationship with, for reasons up to and including them being likely to try some sort of mitm shenanigans and commit the fraud themselves.

I think this situation might be a strong case for better id verification and ubi. We've got the cryptographic tools, the funding, and the evidence that other systems are failing terribly. We just need the political will and legislative implementation - Yang had a great foundation for it.

dragonwriter6• 5 years ago

I'm not saying that facial recognition is a reasonable way to try to fix this, but we're talking about $400,000,000,000 being stolen

No, we’re talking about a firm whose business depends on the perception of the magnitude of the problem claiming that. The source of that number in the article you cite is...the CEO of ID.me.

And when pressed by CNN to support that staggering figure ID.me responded with...promotional material for their product, instead. [0] It couldn't be any more clear that its a BS number the CEO pulled out of his colon for promotional reasons.

[0] https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/10/politics/what-matters-unemplo...

toomuchtodo5• 5 years ago

Perhaps someone should be FOIAing agreements between state unemployment departments and ID.me, and perhaps even the Veterans Administration, the Social Security Administration, and other federal agencies (mentioned in the posted article) who are leveraging a private firm for identity proofing services using facial recognition.

Fraud should be prevented, for sure! But a private corporation black box governing access to social safety nets is not to be tolerated.

nickysielicki5• 5 years ago

From your article:

The US Department of Labor Inspector General Office in late March estimated that at least $89 billion of the estimated $896 billion in federal unemployment program funds could be paid improperly, with a significant portion attributable to fraud. This is based on a historic improper payment rate of at least 10%.

This is lazy BS from the other side; they know for a fact that the rate of fraud is going to be higher than it was pre-COVID. We know how much has been paid out and the only question is what the fraud rate is.

I agree that you have to be skeptical given that id.me is selling a product, and to be honest, I only put two-and-two together after making my comment and revisiting the axios article since I first came across it. That being said, given how many states are using id.me, they have unique visibility into the problem and I don't think it's fair to write them off as entirely untrustworthy.

tl;dr: The number is probably between $100B and $400B. It's hundreds of billions of dollars either way.

beckman466• 5 years ago

but the numbers around unemployment insurance fraud are unbelievable. Axios reported that as much as half of all unemployment insurance paid out has been stolen

If we’re talking about theft, why not talk about government bailouts of banks, low inheritance tax for the 1%, the corrupt military contracts and the millions of other ways the elite plunders the commons and steals from the working class?

I’m pretty sure when we have the numbers somewhere in the future, unemployment insurance fraud will be a drop in the bucket compared to all of that.

Also, seeing the level of alienation; the miserable conditions of American ‘jobs’ these days (I’m looking at you Bezos), I seriously do not blame people for trying to get more cash to escape their exploitation.

8note2• 5 years ago

How expensive is thus facial recognition tech?

I'd rather pay out tax money to fraudsters than send the same amount to "people who will keep the money away from fraudsters"

joecool1029• 5 years ago

Axios reported that as much as half of all unemployment insurance paid out has been stolen.

Oh hell for NJ you can just send in fake unemployment claims to any business and the burden is on the business to dispute every claim. If they fail to respond or it's lost in the mail then it effectively defaults and the state pays out the scammer. I have a folder of fake claims to my company over the years.

A few years back the state decided to pay one of those false claims out for a women I've never met that doesn't even live in my state, I filed the fraud report, tried to dispute it in the mail, met with my state representatives about it, called the courts, and ultimately never got a resolution.

Being stuck with having to pay a higher (we'll call it tax) rate for my own salary, I instead paid distributions for the rest of the year and converted the business from S-corp to single member LLC out of spite.

When COVID rolled around and I was eligible to collect unemployment for a month or so last year, I filed a claim that's been stuck in 'pending' since April 2020. Yay shitty COBOL code, I guess.

They have to figure something out.

Or acknowledge that it's fucked beyond repair and replace it with something else like basic income. It'd likely be cheaper and more efficient.

PragmaticPulp• 5 years ago

The article doesn't go into much detail about what type of fraud they're trying to prevent, but it looks like the issue is fraudulent unemployment claims:

A rapidly growing number of US states, including Colorado, California and New York, turned to ID.me in hopes of cutting down on a surge of fraudulent claims for state and federal benefits that cropped up during the pandemic alongside a tidal wave of authentic unemployment claims.

This ID.me company doesn't sound great at all. Although the government doesn't always have a track record of efficient software development, I wish they would work on developing a different solution for verifying identities remotely.

There is a similar problem with people filing fraudulent tax returns using stolen identities. Fraudsters are loving this shift to remote filing because it bypasses the need for creating a fake photo ID and risking walking into a building. These new remote-only systems only require some personal information to allow someone to file fake taxes under your name or steal unemployment benefits. They get to walk away with the money and you're left to deal with the consequences.

Can anyone share how other countries are handling remote ID verification? As more services go remote, we're going to need better ways to verify people's identity remotely. Passing the problem to companies like ID.me doesn't sound like a great solution.

d110af5ccf8• 5 years ago

The US State Department has you go into a post office to verify your identity when applying for a passport.

Nearly all credit cards have PKI chips in them at this point. US passports and US DoD ID cards do as well.

Most (all?) unemployment claims pass through a bank account; the bank is required to adhere to KYC laws.

Sensible solutions exist but for some reason we're outsourcing to a shady operator in the private sector instead.

tsjq• 5 years ago

India: almost everything with govt is linked to UID (Aadhaar).

No Aadhar? No govt service. Almost.

Remote ID verification done by : OTP sms to phone number linked to Aadhar of the person.

sneak• 5 years ago

People trying to access government/public services that are coerced into using 3p SaaS with their own TOS/Privacy Policy are basically being shafted outside of the legislative authority of the state.

These 3p processors basically get to write arbitrary law, gatekeeping public benefits.

It's utter bullshit and should be illegal.

You shouldn't have to agree to arbitrary private company TOS to access the things your tax money has already paid for.

kristjansson• 5 years ago

ID.me uses a form of facial recognition known as facial verification, which compares a photo ID with a video selfie that a person takes on their phone

Noteworthy. This is not Clearview taking a face and returning a name, this is a service taking video and an ID photo and returning a boolean.

No one would be shocked if a clerk in a government office asked for an ID and looked at his face before approving unemployment benefits. Providing access to benefits over the internet is a strict improvement, pandemic or no, but it doesn’t seem unreasonable to subject people to a similar level of identity verification.

dragonwriter6• 5 years ago

No one would be shocked if a clerk in a government office asked for an ID and looked at his face before approving unemployment benefits.

They might, though, if a clerk in a government office asked them to hand a copy of their ID to, and have a video taken by, the proprietor of a random private business next door that has a weak privacy policy, before approving unemployment benefits.

rootusrootus2• 5 years ago

Just had to jump through the ID.me hoops to get the IRS to stop sending us money. A bit of a PITA, and my wife couldn't get it to work for her without going through a video call with some employee at the company. I hope it actually works given what a hassle it is.

fma• 5 years ago

I use ID.me to track down my payments...It was indeed a very PITA and I can't imagine those who are less computer literate and those where English is a 2nd language can navigate this complex system. It needs you to turn on your webcam - what if you're using a desktop? I had to take a picture of my license...what if someone doesn't have a smartphone? Even if you do, would they know how to get a photo easily from phone to a computer before the timeout?

There has to be something better.

rootusrootus2• 5 years ago

There has to be something better.

In today's world, the short answer is probably that there should be an iOS and Android app. That probably would have a higher average success rate than a desktop computer.

JohnFen3• 5 years ago

There has to be something better.

Or, at the very least, some reasonable method to prove your identity without having to use something like ID.me.

yadaeno3• 5 years ago

"with certain customers who are at higher risk of fraud — including all state unemployment agencies it works with — facial recognition. If a person filing for unemployment benefits fails the facial recognition step a few times, they'll be directed to a video chat where they must show identification..."

This sounds reasonable given the current situation. Washington state alone lost ~1b to fraudulent claims during the pandemic (that's almost $3000 per taxpayer). If you are going to allow people to file online, you absolutely need to verify their identity.

That being said. Verifying by mailing address or in person seem more effecvive, fraud resistant, auditable, reliable, don't rely on a contractor etc.

Unfortunately it seems thay many of the pandemic era "temporary" solutions are simply going to become the norm because of inertia.

TchoBeer• 5 years ago

Washington state alone lost ~1b to fraudulent claims during the pandemic

Wild. Where did you see that?

yadaeno3• 5 years ago

1.1b seems to be the upper bound, but potentially closer to ~640m according to the Seattle times.

www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/auditor-state-unemployment-system-wholly-unprepared-for-fraud-one-agency-employee-under-criminal-investigation/%3famp=1

devoutsalsa• 5 years ago

Queue HN pedantry in 3... 2... 1...

$1_000_000_000 in claims

7_615_000 WA state population

1_000_000_000 / 7_615_000 = 131.319763624 $/person

yadaeno3• 5 years ago

I multiplied by 3 at the end since kids and unemployed don't pay taxes but you're right ty.

new_realist• 5 years ago

I'm not sure I would call this facial recognition; it's a facial identity scan. These states are not surveilling applicants for unemployment.

mchusma• 5 years ago

This is great! Nice to see technology tackle a big problem. I don't see how you should have any expectation of privacy from the government in order to get government benefits. Totally reasonable.

JohnFen3• 5 years ago

I don't think people are saying they have any expectation of privacy (regarding PII) from the government under those circumstances.

I think people are saying they shouldn't be forced to expose themselves to a private, for-profit organization without, at least, some very strong legal safeguards.

encryptluks22• 5 years ago

This is what happened when I sent my driver's license and social security card to verify my ID for unemployment in WA:

https://esd.wa.gov/newsroom/alerts/SAO-announces-cyber-secur...

encryptluks22• 5 years ago

It isn't a matter of will they get breached, but when.

landemva3• 5 years ago

Like the FBI and CIA front companies didn't fund them, to send the data to Palantir because the system has inadequate internal security?

ixacto• 5 years ago

Maybe they will give you 10% off coupon for their premium identity service as part of the breach settlement?

anovikov• 5 years ago

What's wrong about it? They should also put cameras in the streets to analyse people's movement patterns. If you can cluster someone's daily movements as highly resembling daily movements of employed people, it suggests a person is working (even if in undocumented way), deny him benefits. What's wrong about denying freeloaders, many of them illegal immigrants, some taxpayer's cash?

majjam• 5 years ago

Whats wrong is the creation of a terrifying surveillance state to solve a relatively unimportant problem.

jopsen• 5 years ago

In other countries we have a form of digital ID with 2 factor authentication.

I get that if you don't have any such scheme, it can hard to verify that anyone is who they say they are.

In 2008 I reported address change online without any verification, in 2013 it required using an ID system with 2FA. I'm personally rather happy to know that scammers can't change my address anymore.

Half of US states now using facial recognition to vet unemployment claims

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