Apple Said to Be Exploring Switch From Intel Chips for the Mac

http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-11-05/apple-said-to-be-exploring-switch-from-intel-chips-for-the-mac.html

by azylman • 14 years ago

33 66 14 years ago

Osmium7• 14 years ago

Betting against Intel in the long term doesn't seem to be a good idea. That said, I'm sure Apple's got their eye on the world's first 24-hour laptop, and I'm sure ARM could help them get there.

seanmcdirmid• 14 years ago

Intel hasn't been doing to hot lately; wall street is definitely betting against them now, and I think they are taking a long term outlook because Intel still has good profits.

What makes you think Intel will eventually stop the slide and get its mojo back?

Osmium7• 14 years ago

Just sheer force of will. Intel has the engineering talent, the experience, the motivation and the capital. If they can't do it, who can? Apple has a lot to prove here, and so far all they've achieved is purchasing a few smaller chip design firms and managing to adapt existing ARM cores for their own SoCs. They have a long way to go to be able to be competitive in this area. The one thing going for them is that they have the capital to burn, and I can't think of a better way to use it.

tedunangst4• 14 years ago

Intel was washed up when the Athlon came out and was faster. Intel was washed up when the pentium 4 was too hot. Point being, intel has done pretty well for a company rendered obsolete a decade and a half ago.

runako2• 14 years ago

This statement holds exactly on desktops & laptops, but not at all on mobile phones, tablets, palmtops, etc.

tedunangst4• 14 years ago

Why? Because intel can't make low power chips?

http://www.theverge.com/2012/10/4/3447984/motorola-razr-i-re...

Money quote: "Both have strong battery life compared to many Android devices, but from our tests and experience, it’s clear that Intel’s chip is far more frugal with power than the dual-core Snapdragon S4."

aes256• 14 years ago

Is there really a need for a 24 hour laptop?

A laptop that doesn't need charging throughout the day, sure, but I don't think charging a laptop overnight is a significant inconvenience for most people?

Turing_Machine• 14 years ago

It depends on how much/far you travel. Sometimes you luck out and find a free outlet at an airport, but not always.

Metrop0218• 14 years ago

I wouldn't doubt it. I think that Apple's going to move to control the entire stack from bottom to top.

kyriakos3• 14 years ago

ultimately apple doesn't want to be dependent on suppliers. I guess CPUs and displays are the next obvious things. not necessarily a good thing - this will lead to de-standardization of components, more undocumented hardware and drivers.

stesch• 14 years ago

Guess I'll have to buy the White Album again …

Or something like that.

azylman• 14 years ago

Sorry, I didn't link to the source originally and it looks like I can't change the URL, but here's the (longer, more interesting) Bloomberg article: http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-11-05/apple-said-to-be-ex...

Osmium7• 14 years ago

It seems risky to invest so much in your own chip design without owning a fab too. If they really want to go down this route, I'd expect a purchase of TSMC or similar. And you're not going to stay competitive for long unless you invest heavily, at least on the scale Intel is. Apple users have watched their computers slip behind before with PowerPC, I'm not sure if they'd have the patience to see that happen again.

kalms2• 14 years ago

Good point.

One of the reasons for the Mac's success, during the last 7 years, has been the x86 architecture. They better know what they're doing - I would hate for history to repeat itself.

protomyth3• 14 years ago

A lot of people I know jumped to the Mac (more than 100 machines) because of bootcamp / vmware. I don't think they would have felt safe otherwise.

rhizome2• 14 years ago

x86 has been a follow-on benefit to the evolution of OSX, particularly after Panther (10.3). Since OSX is based on FreeBSD, it was a short hop to x86 once they got the OS kinks ironed out (and their PowerPC arrangements expired).

Someone3• 14 years ago

A problem with that approach is that owning a top-of-the-line fab is expensive because you have to buy a new one every few years. Every next generation is more expensive than the one before it.

I would think owning a fab just for the production of chips used in Apple products would be too expensive to consider. Owning a fab and selling chips to others, to me, looks to go way too much against Apple's culture.

"Apple users have watched their computers slip behind before with PowerPC"

I think that is exactly why Apple has a backup plan to move to ARM. If Microsoft is successful at moving to ARM with Surface, they will have to follow.

Osmium7• 14 years ago

Putting aside the fact that the fab takes a healthy chunk of profit, the question is one of capacity. A fab is under no obligation to provide Apple with chips, and given a choice between one big contract with Apple or diversifying and having a dozen smaller contracts with other manufacturers and I know what I'd pick.

The problem then, for Apple, is that they can't just turn around and get their chips made somewhere else. There just aren't enough fabs in the world to produce them at the quantity Apple needs, especially using latest-generation processes.

PanMan• 14 years ago

Why would it be too expensive? How many fab's are there (so, which % of worldwide output does each do), and how much % of all intel chips is bought by Apple? If the numbers are somewhat equal, they buy the capacity of one fab anyway. Then they can just as well buy the fab itself.

kylec• 14 years ago

I could definitely see them going ARM in the MacBook Air line, but I think they'll keep Intel for a while for their desktops (power usage isn't a concern) and the MacBook Pro ("pro" users will need the extra power and compatibility of the Intel chips, at least in the near term).

kyriakos3• 14 years ago

realistically ARM currently lacks the raw power intel chips provide. you can argue about battery life but most work is still done in offices where power sockets are not an issue.

it might change in the future but.. i don't think arm will catch up with x86 for at least a couple of years - in the meantime intel won't sit around doing nothing.

freehunter• 14 years ago

Apple doesnt historically pander to the enterprise market. They're eyeing their consumer laptops.

kyriakos3• 14 years ago

it was in the past appealing to creatives, designers, video producers, the publishing industry etc I believe those are processor-intensive applications that don't fall in the enterprise sector.

I understand even though apple tried to move out of the server market, every creative company offices i have visited they mostly work with apple products.

grainawi• 14 years ago

For Apple, leaking news like this makes sense for a few key reasons:

1) They obviously are eager to take another step towards complete vertical integration, giving them even greater profit margins 2) Apple made it known wanted to make their Macbook pros as thin as their Macbook airs earlier this year, but the (relatively) high TDP of intel's mobile chips would've scorched users laps. 3) It's an obvious message(and challenge) to intel that they have to do even better. Apple will likely continue their growth to the largest PC maker (if they aren't already) and Intel needs their business. They're giving Intel 5 years to show them something special.

nachteilig• 14 years ago

I know things have changed a lot since the PPC days, but it seems like this might not be the best idea, and that Apple's history might point this out.

I can see it for iOS devices, but for a legacy computer part of what's attractive to me about Macs is the base compatibility with commodity PC hardware. Of course, I also am not the hugest fan of the move toward merging iOS features into the desktop OS, so maybe I'm just being old fashioned about this.

esolyt2• 14 years ago

"In fact, the sources said such a move was years away, potentially not happening till 2017."

So this article is about something may or may not happen in 2007.

tedunangst4• 14 years ago

No, it's about something that may or may not happen in 2017.

esolyt2• 14 years ago

Sorry about that.

dhawalhs• 14 years ago

I don't think they are moving away from intel chips but doing something similar to Microsoft's approach with the Surface/Surface Pro versions.

0x05• 14 years ago

Curiously, I would almost have believed Microsoft to have been the first to make a move like this. They have already been preparing their developer ecosystem for an architecture independent target for years with .NET and CLR/MSIL. As more software is developed in C#, switching CPU architecture is just a matter of supplying a new .NET VM bundled with the OS, and all your legacy software should continue to run - at full speed, even. (Incredibly, they decided that their ARM version of Windows 8 should be called "Windows RT" and be rather limited! What a missed opportunity!)

Meanwhile, Apple's developer tools are still churning out x86, x86_64, and/or arm assembly from Objective-C, so all existing software would at the very least need a recompile (hope your vendor is still around and has written portable code!) Or they could do another Rosetta, translating x86_64 to ARM. Doesn't sound like an efficient solution, though. And after a few years they'd drop the emulator from the OS anyways :P

glhaynes2• 14 years ago

I might be running more .NET software than I realize, but it seems to me that .NET isn't anywhere close to becoming the majority "instruction set" of software shipped on Windows.

0x05• 14 years ago

You can't blame them for lack of trying to push it though, no? :)

wslh• 14 years ago

No, you need to port Win32, COM and other native libs.

glasshead969• 14 years ago

I think Apple's LLVM architecture is built to handle these type of transitions.

0x05• 14 years ago

I'm pretty sure binaries are still compiled down to machine code, so that would require your vendors to stick around and recompile and redistribute updated .app files for your old software.

Osmium7• 14 years ago

> Incredibly, they decided that their ARM version of Windows 8 should be called "Windows RT" and be rather limited! What a missed opportunity!

The whole "Windows RT" thing has been horrifically mis-managed. If they're not going to let third-party desktop apps run, they should've used it as an opportunity to ditch the desktop altogether. And talk about bad branding... As if any normal consumer is going to have a clue what that's about.

dlevine• 14 years ago

There is no question in my mind that Apple will gradually switch from Intel to ARM. I don't think it will happen until 2014, when the first 64-bit ARM designs come out. At the current rate of improvement, ARM processors in two years will offer roughly 4X what today's chips offer (with a better power consumption profile than current low-end Intel designs). By that point, ARM performance will probably be "good enough" for lower-end machines (such as the MBA) to use ARM rather than Intel.

I also think it's possible that iOS will eventually become the successor to Mac OSX.

protomyth3• 14 years ago

One thing in favor of the move is customization. Intel has done an amazing job of removing the customization options from the x86 eco-system. No NVIDIA chipsets and no hooking into the faster bus on Intel motherboards. This has to be a problem for a company like Apple trying to build something non-stock.

Also, I cannot imagine the whole "Intel paying people to clone the MacBook Air" was well received in Cupertino.

0x05• 14 years ago

I find it incredibly hard to believe that iOS will replace OSX.

An iOS that would be capable of developing iOS apps as efficiently as Xcode on OSX would be a very different iOS from anything like the versions we have seen to date.

absherwin• 14 years ago

There's no need to assume that a switch for some Macs will be a switch for all Macs. Multi-architecture binaries were standard for several years during the x86 transition. As they move to an App-Store model, it will be relatively simple to download the right binary based on architecture. Signed binaries could be required to be multiplatform. The minority of users who want to install software that's not Apple-approved will have to deal with potentially higher amounts of complexity.

kirian• 14 years ago

See this report on Apple's CapEx spending in the last quarter: http://www.asymco.com/2012/10/31/hey-big-spender/

It's seen a big spike up and is ~ 30% more than Intel's $2.6 billion/quarter. And it spent three times in Q3 than Google, 4.8x Microsoft and 3.8x Amazon.

Speculation in the comments are that Apple is paying an as yet unnamed firm, probably TSMC, to build/tool/operate one or several ARM SoC fabs.

alexkcd• 14 years ago

Apple should migrate from x86 to LLVM IR. Then JIT down to native code upon program installation. That way they can switch the underlying architecture as much as they like.

I'm surprised they haven't adopted this scheme with iOS already when they deprecated GCC.

tedunangst4• 14 years ago

Consider that having effectively banned jits from iOS, they have made the binary translation problem much easier.

rhizome2• 14 years ago

Sounds like Apple and Intel are in the midst of renegotiating their agreement(s).

tesmar22• 14 years ago

I am wondering if Apple should not just go ahead and acquire AMD in order to further vertical integration.

SeppoErviala• 14 years ago

Using AMD/ATI would be a setback in terms of component quality and TDP.

tesmar22• 14 years ago

With AMD jumping in the ARM game, I thought it might make sense.

beagle3• 14 years ago

My speculation (completely not based on any knowledge - just what I would have done had I been in Apple's place)

1. Buy AMD (or Cyrix or one of the other companies that has a working AMD64/x86 chip)

2. Build a laptop that has both an acceptably strong AMD64 for the time, and a ridiculously strong (but scalable) ARM - say, a 16-core or 64-core 64-bit ARM core, which can scale its power.

3. Politely ask app developers to ship 3-arch fat binaries: AMD64+ARM64+LLVMIR (politely ask might mean refuse in the Mac app store otherwise). Well, the first two are actually optional, but recommended. Or the last one is optional but recommended.

4. Introduce a laptop with an OLED/color eInk (or other very low power) display, which can run either ARM64 or AMD64 or both, and can scale the number of cores. And an API that would let an app switch seamlessly between those modes.

5. Tell people "your laptop can do 24 arm-core-hours (so, 2 hours using 12 cores, or 24 hours using one core), or 6 amd-core-hours. You pick the software, you choose.

6. Watch as people (hopefully) prefer the amd64 mode thanks to its long life.

No company except Apple is in a position to pull such a thing. Maybe Apple can't either - but if anyone can, it is Apple.

a_c_s• 14 years ago

I'd be surprised if Apple hasn't been investigating alternatives to Intel chips since the day they switched. Not necessarily out of any dislike for Intel, (I think the switch has worked out quite well for Apple), but rather to remain nimble and be able to jump ships if Intel ever ran aground like the PowerPC consortium did.

sjs382• 14 years ago

I'd be surprised if they weren't exploring it. But that doesn't mean they're going to make the switch; it only means that they're keeping their options open.

bitcartel2• 14 years ago

Wild speculation:

Compiling for Apple's custom chip would require using a proprietary version of LLVM/Clang, and resulting binaries could only be distributed via the Mac App Store.

wmf• 14 years ago

It doesn't matter because they've already locked it down on the demand side. You can distribute iOS apps anyway you want, but people won't be able to install them.

bitcartel2• 14 years ago

Things are locked down on iOS but not (yet) on Mac OS X. My gut feeling is that this trend will continue.

For example, APIs are already being leveraged. You can only use iCloud if your Mac app is distributed through the App Store.

In the near future, Apple could switch Gatekeeper's default setting to Mac App Store only, raising another barrier to independent vendors.

Moving to a new processor would provide Apple a great opportunity to round up the laggards and force them into the App Store.

Apple Said to Be Exploring Switch From Intel Chips for the Mac

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