Google Play limiting Android 11 apps from seeing what’s installed on devices

https://9to5google.com/2021/03/31/installed-android-apps-limit/

by 1cvmask • 5 years ago

95 76 5 years ago

9to5google.com

Red_Leaves_Flyy• 5 years ago

Why isn't this feature behind a permission flag already?

Matter of fact, why aren't a lot more abilities behind permissions?

curt15• 5 years ago

"Google is limiting what apps can use the QUERY_ALL_PACKAGES permission that “gives visibility into the inventory of installed apps on a given device.” "

Sounds like it already is. Google Play is simply changing its policy on which apps may request that permission.

izacus4• 5 years ago

Because that capability is required for apps to interoperate. Sandboxing by definition breaks the ability for apps to share data and work together. It's a balance to be struck, a perfectly secure system is a useless system.

In this case it was mostly used to render custom share dialogs (you need to list apps for that), in-line share buttons (checking if other app exists is useful to not show the ones that aren't installed) and some other possible optimizations (e.g. mostly bug fixes for broken apps that couldn't handle types of data).

From developers perspective it's useful because it makes your app more reliable and easy to use. With the downside that malicious people can abuse it.

uoaei2• 5 years ago

I hope you are aware that permission flags can be toggled by the user.

f6v2• 5 years ago

I see absolutely no reason for this. You want to share a picture? Fine! Just specify a content type, and the system will present a list of apps capable of handling it to the user.

tialaramex2• 5 years ago

There's a balancing act. Historically Android would just provide a list of what permissions each app wants, and you either take it or leave it. That's transparent in a sense, if researchers care they can do the analysis and produce a paper, "Hey, 80% of the top X apps request permission Y which they have no Earthly reason to need" - but almost no end users will read this boring technical stuff to make decisions. See also pre-Baseline Requirements "class based" X.509 certificates. Adding more permissions to this list is easy... but also has almost no effect. There's a good chance you've never looked at the permissions you granted most apps you have.

In the modern era some of these abilities also require an explicit grant of permission when used. Location is an example we've all seen.

But that incurs fatigue so it has to be used cautiously. For example Android could ask if apps are allowed to use the Network, but you'd likely get sick of that really quickly, so instead you can explicitly disable network access for an app if you want, but it doesn't ask "Can Daily-quiz-app-1234 access the network?" when you run it.

One option Google has that's more extreme than a fatigue-inducing prompt, is to just refuse permission anyway, which is what's happening here.

And unlike iOS, an Android phone can run other browsers, but for a modern browser on a nice phone you want WebAuthn. If any app can just say "I'm actually a web browser" then WebAuthn's phishing protection blows away when you install some Flappy Bird clone to try it out - the app just tells the OS it's a web browser, comes up with some excuse as to why you should touch your fingerprint sensor, and it says to the OS it's browsing https://your-bank.example/ so it gets credentials for your bank. So in this case Google manages some high risk permissions only for known safe developers. Mozilla's public Firefox builds have this "I'm really a web browser, I get to do WebAuthn" permission, but if you build the exact same source and sideload it, it can't do WebAuthn.

[Apps all get the same, likewise unphishable, feature on capable phones, Android or iOS, but without this "web browser" permission it's fixed so that they can't ask for credentials for a web site, only for their own app]

f6v2• 5 years ago

There's a balancing act. Historically Android would just provide a list of what permissions each app wants

That's one of the many design choices that made truly filthy apps possible on Android. I worked on a device monitoring(wink) app back in the day(which I'm not proud of). The things we did there...Installing apps without an app store, hiding application icon(!), recording phone calls(!!!), reading messages(!!!). And all of that was done using official APIs on a non-rooted device.

amluto2• 5 years ago

Why would access to the fingerprint sensor give the ability to forge WebAuthn signatures? An app being able to detect that the phone’s user has their finger on the sensor does not in any way compromise the security of a different app doing the same thing.

Obviously one could write a malicious browser that implements WebAuthn wrong and compromises users who register with a site using that browser. This leads to discussions about WebAuthn attestation, and there are valid arguments there both ways.

voussoir• 5 years ago

so instead you can explicitly disable network access for an app if you want

Some OEMs provide this feature in their firmware, but many/most do not. Users have to resort to running local VPNs like NetGuard. Even ADB can't do it: "Permission android.permission.INTERNET requested by com.android.vending is not a changeable permission type". If you know a way, please share!

I understand permission fatigue but this lack of control is, to me, blatantly user-hostile.

grishka2• 5 years ago

IMO internet access (android.permission.INTERNET) needs to be a runtime permission. Ideally with the same kind of granularity as location — one time, while app is in use, in the background (through settings). And give an app a brief window to access the internet after an FCM push, but FCM pushes are also a runtime permission.

But Google being an advertising company would, of course, never ever do this.

kevincox2• 5 years ago

IIRC part of the problem is that there are other leaks through the intent system. So the system is so broken that adding a permission for INTERNET would just be an illusion of safety.

eythian2• 5 years ago

This means that nearly every application will have a pop up which nearly every user will get so used to seeing that they'll almost always just press "allow" on, which will mean permission prompts become less useful and security gets worse.

kjjjjjjjjjjjjjj• 5 years ago

Because Android doesn't take security and privacy seriously. No one who is worried about those two things should be using android

oedmarap• 5 years ago

Meanwhile, temporary exceptions will be granted to dedicated banking and digital wallet apps so that they can “obtain broad visibility into installed apps solely for security based purposes.”

I'm sorry but why does a banking app need to see a list of system-wide packages? And for what security-purpose? If all apps were tightly sandboxed in the first place then this wouldn't be a problem that requires edge-case solutions.

Either way, based on the same quoted paragraph, my prediction is that Facebook will now roll out a dedicated wallet app; along with regular wallet functionality it will gleefully take advantage of this exact loophole.

elliekelly• 5 years ago

I wonder if they’re “finger printing” the device to determine whether a login is likely to be legitimate or not?

skynet-9000• 5 years ago

Couldn't they just generate a unique fingerprint then?

Daniel_sk2• 5 years ago

Banking apps sometimes integrate 3rd party AV / threat detection SDKs (there are several available, e.g. https://www.wultra.com/malwarelytics which is part of a bigger banking security SDK solution). Sandboxing isn't the only problem on Android - a lot of malware is using Accessibility to control the device and read what's on your screen. Then there are overlays that can be drawn over your app (e.g. display a fake login over your app). Access to notification content. Reading SMS content (2FA). Different combinations of other permissions, device manager rights etc. Or even simple attacks like launching a fake app just when you launch the real one (phishing). Google is trying to limit a lot of these permissions, at least from apps installed from Google Play but so far they are still pretty widespread with malware hidden on Google Play targeting banking apps.

criddell• 5 years ago

Banking apps sometimes integrate 3rd party AV / threat detection SDKs

Do they do the same thing on iOS?

summm• 5 years ago

3rd party AV sdks? This reeks of snake oil. They should just stop treating the device as a hardware security anchor. And how is it still ok that most android phones in the wild do not get security upgrades, let alone timely ones?

RKearney• 5 years ago

I don't believe this is the only reason. If it were, they would be blocking logins through mobile web browsers since there's no JavaScript API that dumps the list of installed apps. All those same attack vectors could exist on top of the users web browser as far as I know.

fy20• 5 years ago

My supermarket's loyalty app refuses to run on rooted devices, I imagine they are using something like this to detect if the device is rooted (e.g. looking for Magisk). It makes no sense, because all it does is show what offers are available that week (which you can also see on their website) and provide the same QR code that is on the physical card. I imagine some PM at whatever agency they used decided they wanted to make it secure (and upsell that to the client), and installed some nonsense SDK like this.

My bank's app have no issues with my phone being rooted :-) Fortunately Magisk Hide fixes it.

kayfox2• 5 years ago

And attackers going after banking apps to perform credential stuffing attacks is one of the largest attack types currently.

walrus01• 5 years ago

Google already allows online banking apps to block screenshot functionality, which is in my opinion total bullshit. The owner/user of a device should always be able to take a screenshot if they want. At least every bank has a market based need to allow regular browsers to sign in to online banking, to support desktop clients, so one can just ignore the provided bank's app if you want.

foepys• 5 years ago

All apps can do this as far as I know. Firefox for Android has an option to disable screenshots in private tabs.

eythian2• 5 years ago

It's to prevent malicious applications taking a screenshot of sensitive information. I've seen other apps doing this on, for example, credit card info entry screens.

frugalmail• 5 years ago

If known spyware/malware applications are found, the banking app should not run for protection of the user.

michaelmrose• 5 years ago

Computers are compromised all the time and but so far as I know banking at insertbankhere.com doesn't involve giving your browser tab root privileges on your machine in order to run its own antivirus. It's an improper separation of concerns.

Your bank also doesn't concern itself with the type of locks on your door or your car alarm. Just because something gives someone a handle on matters like the ability to see what apps are installed on your device doesn't mean its appropriate to use it.

Not allowing the bank app inappropriate access to your device means they aren't tempted to leak or misuse it.

rossy• 5 years ago

It wasn't a banking app, but I recently came across the first app I've seen that, in addition to SafetyNet, also checked if the Magisk Manager app was installed to try to detect if the phone was rooted. I wouldn't be surprised if it was for this purpose.

kiwijamo• 5 years ago

Why wasn't this done before?

justapassenger• 5 years ago

It's great for security, but also great for Google.

OS and their frameworks still get full visibility into apps, and given how much data they collect, it's cutting off this data (rightly) from others, and keeping it only for themselves (both for good and bad reasons).

mav3rick• 5 years ago

The kernel can literally see everything. No amount of good faith efforts can ever please anyone in that case.

TrianguloY• 5 years ago

I find it hilarious how Play Store is slowly banning permissions (some justified, some not) in regards to 'privacy', yet the internet permission is still classified as a low dangerous permission [0], which means that when you install an app, this permission is not even shown. (And you can't even turn it off!)

[0] https://developer.android.com/reference/android/Manifest.per...

tjohns2• 5 years ago

The Internet permission was largely useless. If you knew what you were doing, it was trivial to bypass it to exfiltrate data. On top of that, almost every app requests it, which contributed to alarm fatigue in users.

Permissions are only useful if they can be enforced and users pay attention to them.

asddubs2• 5 years ago

just out of curiosity, how was it bypassed?

fortyseven2• 5 years ago

You can still, at least, allow users to revoke it, even if it's silently default.

Groxx3• 5 years ago

Run a local vpn like netguard! https://netguard.me/ I leave mine on deny by default.

That said, I completely agree. Google's approach to permissions on Android has been wildly user-hostile, and full of nonsense bundling like (relatively harmless) device-ID and (very much not) access to all call logs. Stuff like XPrivacy[1] demonstrates how they could have done this with far more user control and far less app interruption, but they haven't.

[1]: not the UI, the UI is terrible. but "send fake contacts" or "block outright" for every API is excellent, and doesn't require changing apps to support. the fact that the apps can query the state and I cannot lie about it is a problem, because they often require lots of bullshit that's not required.

qwerty456127• 5 years ago

Great. No app should see anything besides what is logically necessary to fulfill their actual function.

rektide• 5 years ago

is there any way to broadcast or make known that there is an Intent handler registered?

im wondering if apps have the capability to signal to each other that they exist. it's been so long since I've touched android, but I remember Intents were often the main sort of rpc engine across apps. Even if apps can't ambient survey the system now, I'm wondering if they can still make smoke smoke signals to each other.

olliej• 5 years ago

Wait they still allowed this?

bee1232• 5 years ago

Actually when you use "report problem" feature from Google products, they collect all installed apps information....

bee1232• 5 years ago

Google Keep..

dkarras• 5 years ago

TIL apps on Android can see what I have on my device. Is iOS the same way? That is pretty abhorrent. You can tell a lot about a person looking at what apps they have installed.

hnburnsy• 5 years ago

TIL that my bank app on my A10 device has permissions like change your audio settings, view wifi connections, prevent phone from sleeping, run at start up, control vibration, access extra location information...

And there is no user interface to revoke or manage these permissions. What the heck!

kalleboo• 5 years ago

On iOS apps can check for the availability of URL schemes ("can I open a link of type ftp:"), so they can check if apps that expose a URL scheme are installed (mostly this is apps that offer an API, such as Facebook, Twitter, etc).

But, apps have to declare which URL schemes they want to be able to check for, and this list is inspected by app review. So if you want to check for every known app in existence (which some apps like IIRC Twitter used to do before Apple limited it), you'll fail app review. I'm not sure how strict they are about shorter but weirder lists of URL schemes (like a todo app checking for bank apps)

Google Play limiting Android 11 apps from seeing what’s installed on devices

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