I know this is a digitized collection, but the original way 19th century silhouettes were created was pretty interesting and as most would think pretty simple . They were created by cutting out the outline of a person's profile from black paper, and then mounting the cut-out onto a contrasting background. :)
But all silliness aside, silhouette portraits were a popular alternative to more expensive painted portraits and were especially popular in the United States during the early 19th century. They were also used as a way of creating a memento of loved ones, especially those who were far away or had passed away.
The process of creating silhouette portraits was relatively simple and required only a few materials, including black paper, scissors, and a light source. The subject would sit or stand in front of the light source, and the artist would trace their profile onto the paper before cutting it out.