pillars

Sorry, I copied my old comment.

Some Machining related channels on youtube:

this old tony, Chronova engineering, cylo's garage, inheritance machining, breaking taps, blondie hacks, tarkka, dan gelbert, Jonesey Makes, Eric(with a K), Clough42, Alec steele, NBR Works, Not An engineer, Stefan Gotteswinter, oxtoolco, ROBRENZ, MrCrispin, Clickspring, Artisan Makes, MH Anything, Jellyfish machine,Maker B,

And also there is great course on precision engineering by Alex slocum

Sorry I am pasting my old comment here, but the intention is same Before learning programming one should know what is computing in general? It sets good mental model, after that you can easily pickup and start writing program yourself .

Data, data, data :)))

Some basic notions to know: Input → Computation → Output

Information is omnipresent (this is just an intuition, not a claim). It serves as both input and output.

Computation—also known as a procedure, function, set of instructions, transformation, method, algorithm, or calculation.

In my early days, I ignored the fundamental notion of data and procedures. But eventually, it clicked: Programs = Data + Instructions

Watch Feynman on computing—he even starts with the same concept of data, introducing computers as information processing systems. And processing requires algorithms (i.e., instructions or procedures).

Programming is simply writing instructions for the computer to perform computations.

A computer is just a machine for computing.

Computation is a general idea: a transformation of one form of information into another.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPO_model

Richard Feynman Computer Science Lecture: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EKWGGDXe5MA

Old documentry on programming: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dFZecokdHLo

George Hotz video: what is programming? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N2bXEUSAiTI

https://denninginstitute.com/pjd/GP/gp_overview.html

https://htdp.org/2003-09-26/Book/curriculum-Z-H-5.html#node_...

https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/shows/texico/

Alternative links:

http://retro.hansotten.nl/uploads/books/machinecodebeginners...

https://archive.org/details/machine-code-for-beginners

Sorry, I am pasting my old comment which is written 10months ago. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44177446#44184036

I want to share my experience about my journey of programming. When I started programming, I was introduced to the ideas of variables, conditions, loops, functions—regular programming constructs. But I didn't understand much of what was going on, how the computer worked, or anything beyond just the syntax. I used to wonder: when I start my PC, how does it even know where to begin? I often felt insecure and anxious about all these unknowns. I was trapped in tutorial hell, thinking that just gluing pieces of code together was enough. It made sense for a while, but eventually, I wanted to quit. After some time, I searched online about how to improve, and people recommended learning data structures and algorithms (DSA). I didn’t know how to implement data structures on my own and struggled a lot—almost like going through hell. Nothing made sense. I couldn’t even get beyond linked lists.

Then I found a Reddit post saying I might have the wrong mental model. It said that even if you know some programming, without understanding how to think about structures and systems, you're stuck. I started searching for what 'mental models' meant, but due to my lack of experience, I didn’t find anything useful.

Later, I read a discussion on Hacker News about the book Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs (SICP). One commenter explained how the book starts with the concept of data and procedures. That really clicked for me. I had never thought of computation as just transforming input data into output data. The model of:

Input → Computation → Output

made everything fall into place. This idea carries through all levels of programming—whether it's assembly, mid-level, or high-level languages. It’s the fundamental notion. You need basic constructs to steer data through transformations into useful outputs. Computation is essentially about transforming one form of information into another.

After that realization, everything started to make sense—assembly, high-level programming, even operating systems. It was one of the best ‘aha!’ moments of my life."

What is programming? by George Hotz is also good one https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N2bXEUSAiTI

Some Model Engineering related resources:

Engineering drawings of small model engines used in model aircraft making. These designs are intended for manufacturing and practical operation, rather than merely for display, and can be used to build fully functional engines.

1. https://outerzone.co.uk/plans.asp?cat=Engines&Xcardsperpage=...

2. https://modelenginenews.org/midge/index.html

http://www.model-engine-plans.com/otheritems/JEH_Catalog.pdf

https://modelengineeringwebsite.com/Midget_gas_engine_1.html

https://www.adriansmodelaeroengines.com/catalog/product.php?...

Previous submission related to model engines: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46098655

Thank you!

Sorry for offtopic, I want to share,

Some Machining related channels on youtube:

this old tony, Chronova engineering, cylo's garage, inheritance machining, breaking taps, blondie hacks, tarkka, dan gelbert, Jonesey Makes, Eric(with a K), Clough42, Alec steele, NBR Works, Not An engineer, Stefan Gotteswinter, oxtoolco, ROBRENZ, MrCrispin, Clickspring, Artisan Makes, MH Anything, Jellyfish machine,Maker B,

And also there is great course on precision engineering by Alex slocum:

https://m.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLksE8LDXGXl_MQHKr2DqhfD...

Some Model Engineering related resources:

1. Engineering drawings of small model engines used for model aircrafts. They are designed for manufacturing and working, not not like showcase item. We can actually build them.

https://outerzone.co.uk/plans.asp?cat=Engines&Xcardsperpage=...

2. https://modelenginenews.org/midge/index.html

Sorry for offtopic, I want to share,

Some Machinist channels on youtube:

this old tony, Chronova engineering, cylo's garage, inheritance machining, breaking taps, blondie hacks, tarkka, dan gelbert, Jonesey Makes, Eric(with a K), Clough42, Alec steele, NBR Works, Not An engineer, Stefan Gotteswinter, oxtoolco, ROBRENZ, MrCrispin, Clickspring, Artisan Makes, MH Anything, Jellyfish machine,Maker B,

Check out this video on small rotor design , it is beautiful

https://youtu.be/CVszJMlvZcA?si=MEdoo_sHZcXezZtj

And also there is great course on precision engineering by Alex slocum:

https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLksE8LDXGXl_MQHKr2DqhfDC6...

Cylo's garage Precision Spindle Metrology part series:

1. PRECISION SPINDLE METROLOGY Pt. 1: Fundamental Concepts

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gt2gK-oxy5s

2. PRECISION SPINDLE METROLOGY Pt. 2: Sensitive Direction

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZR-OUdCzEb0

3. PRECISION SPINDLE METROLOGY Pt. 3: Measuring Error Motion

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JvFIJDv9GsQ

4. PRECISION SPINDLE METROLOGY Pt. 4: Error Separation and Measurement Demo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_3BzMOeJX14

Thank you! Updated.

Small article on ML midge engine https://www.modelenginenews.org/midge/index.html

More model engine plans: https://outerzone.co.uk/plans.asp?cat=Engines&Xcardsperpage=...

Context: Perrinn 424 - An open access electric hyper car designed for racing

https://discover.perrinn.com/424/424-design

for more details: https://discover.perrinn.com/home

Results of Diamond lathe testing photage: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=PuSHpD7hiQ0

Cyrus(creator of Cylo's Garage) written a paper on the diamond lathe design:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/178KoqYAQUScSW27opubo9K794Pe...

Another awesome video on precision engineering resources in the same channel:

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=FM9X_gjnleY

Some Machinist channels on youtube: this old tony, Chronova engineering, cylo's garage, inheritance machining, breaking taps, blondie hacks, tarkka, dan gelbert, Jonesey Makes, Eric(with a K), Clough42, Alec steele, NBR Works, Not An engineer, Stefan Gotteswinter, oxtoolco, ROBRENZ, MrCrispin, Clickspring, Artisan Makes, MH Anything,

Some resources related capstan drive: https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1340266 https://fab.cba.mit.edu/classes/865.21/topics/mechanical_des...

Data, data, data :))) Some basic notions to know:

Input → Computation → Output

Information is omnipresent (this is just an intuition, not a claim). It serves as both input and output.

Computation—also known as a procedure, function, set of instructions, transformation, method, algorithm, or calculation.

In my early days, I ignored the fundamental notion of data and procedures. But eventually, it clicked: Programs = Data + Instructions

Watch Feynman on computing—he even starts with the same concept of data, introducing computers as information processing systems. And processing requires algorithms (i.e., instructions or procedures).

Programming is simply writing instructions for the computer to perform computations.

A computer is just a machine for computing.

Computation is a general idea: a transformation of one form of information into another.

I can relate to you, OP.Sorry for off topic I want to share my experience about my journey of programming. When I started programming, I was introduced to the ideas of variables, conditions, loops, functions—regular programming constructs. But I didn't understand much of what was going on, how the computer worked, or anything beyond just the syntax. I used to wonder: when I start my PC, how does it even know where to begin? I often felt insecure and anxious about all these unknowns. I was trapped in tutorial hell, thinking that just gluing pieces of code together was enough. It made sense for a while, but eventually, I wanted to quit.

After some time, I searched online about how to improve, and people recommended learning data structures and algorithms (DSA). I didn’t know how to implement data structures on my own and struggled a lot—almost like going through hell. Nothing made sense. I couldn’t even get beyond linked lists.

Then I found a Reddit post saying I might have the wrong mental model. It said that even if you know some programming, without understanding how to think about structures and systems, you're stuck. I started searching for what 'mental models' meant, but due to my lack of experience, I didn’t find anything useful.

Later, I read a discussion on Hacker News about the book Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs (SICP). One commenter explained how the book starts with the concept of data and procedures. That really clicked for me. I had never thought of computation as just transforming input data into output data. The model of:

Input → Computation → Output

made everything fall into place. This idea carries through all levels of programming—whether it's assembly, mid-level, or high-level languages. It’s the fundamental notion. You need basic constructs to steer data through transformations into useful outputs. Computation is essentially about transforming one form of information into another.

After that realization, everything started to make sense—assembly, high-level programming, even operating systems. It was one of the best ‘aha!’ moments of my life."