What is Bitcoin's deeper significance? I don't know much, but here are some sketches.
1) Bitcoin has the potential to destroy the tools of monetary policy. 2) Bitcoin has the potential to hide taxable income from governments. 3) Governments with dwindling tax bases may react by printing traditional currency, hastening the flight to Bitcoin in a vicious cycle. 4) Traditional currencies may collapse as people rush to convert them into Bitcoin. 5) Unable to tax coercively, traditional governments may collapse.
What might replace them? Toll roads and kickstarter philanthropy in Randian democracies?
(Is this in the ballpark for Bitcoin's potential impact or not?)