ekns

The real solution is in principle easy: separate data from metadata https://kunnas.com/articles/the-content-is-the-attack-surfac...

Fair point. I've added a clarification that the structural constraint holds across civil law, common law, and hybrid systems. Thanks.

I get it, it's not ideal. Yet there is no one else doing this work so I put effort where I think it's most neglected - which isn't fully refined prose, imo.

Interesting indeed! What have you learned from the patent space and what kinds of questions can you answer after perhaps solving that domain?

I call it LawVM - interpret amendment statutes as "programs" and verifiably replay them to obtain actual consolidated i.e. current law as it stands (or where ambiguous, surface that)

I was annoyed that in Finland there is no way to know what the law even says, it's basically a do-it-yourself endeavour and the "official" consolidated law isn't even official. If the manual compilation/consolidation has any errors, then you're out of luck. Courts only decide based on the original statutes. And I have found hundreds of errors when doing the compilation.

This could've been done for >30 years and no one ever did.

Full release soon enough once I've cleaned it up. It's a whole compiler suite with Finland, Estonia, UK, Sweden, Norway to start with.

Part of a larger project to build the "state causal map" and doing AI-assisted analysis of all the mechanisms that comprise a state and therefore what is most harmful and what is optimal for governance. LawVM itself doesn't use AI at all except for development.

For the latter: https://mekanismirealismi.fi/mev/he-38-2025-hva-funding and https://mekanismirealismi.fi/mechanism-authority etc.

There is a simple way to mitigate prompt injection. Just check metadata only: is this action by the LLM suspicious given trusted metadata, blanking out the data

Interesting. I've been just now exploring something related or tangential, but for Finnish governance (why not all countries eventually).

Idea: Pull in all related docs and statements from the law and its process. And analyze its mechanisms across all timeframes, and across all capital stocks including social/human/moral etc capital. (finding: no one understands game theory nor causal models apparently)

Author here. Thanks for the corrections.

I revised the essay, my priors were off. Added Good Samaritan data (zero successful CPR lawsuits in 30 years), duty-to-rescue statutes across Europe, and a new section on self-defense showing the trap cuts across Common Law/Civil Law (UK restrictive, Germany/Poland permissive).

Wow, that's a lot of security fixes. If there were so many security bugs, that would suggest that there's a lot more still to be found.

Probably going to look into sandboxing the browser much more in the future...

Power consumption is one side of the coin. The net utility is another:

- With sufficient demand-scaling, Bitcoin incentivizes more power generation capacity since it's the buyer of first resort, establishing some floor on electricity price. This makes additional investment into renewables etc. more sustainable. E.g. where I live, there are days of slightly negative prices, and those clearly are not sustainable, so Bitcoin is the perfect way to ensure we get plentiful cheap energy with continuing investments.

- There's a case to be made that there are more and longer wars under fiat currencies since money-printing is a hidden tax that no one votes for, making it possible to fight in wars that exhaust all state resources, whereas under a Bitcoin standard the wars would be few and limited in scope.

Additionally, US Space Force's Jason Lowery argues that Bitcoin is a weapons technology in cyberspace, and the global Bitcoin mining competition is a form of "soft war", and further argues that a constant "soft war" is more efficient way to defend property rights.

The latter two points are not yet all that salient but imo that is the world we're heading towards inevitably. Bitcoin eventually outcompetes other forms of money as a layered technology and leads to this "hyperbitcoinized" world where they hold true.

This one is not about chirality. Instead, they re-engineer DNA to be made from entirely different bases, thereby obtaining immunity from all extant viruses.

When I was living in Edinburgh, I encountered the corner case of the upper levels of an apartment building having a different postcode from the lower levels. Everything online used the same address database so I wondered why I could never find my address under my (presumed) postcode.

Wearing those disposable masks causes a lot of this. I'm apparently allergic to polyester so I notice this from sofas and uncovered mattresses and various other materials that (to me) surprisignly, emit a lot of plastic.

It is happening increasingly: https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/japans-largest-power-company...

Last time I looked into OCR stuff I came to a similar conclusion (though I didn't implement anything back thne). It would be really nice to have "open source" models that had similar performance, without having to deal with the iphone cluster hackery.

Inflation is likely to remain high for a while, and perhaps for good so the value of your USD will go down. Rents and stuff rose 20% or so in the US which ought to be indicative of the real rate of inflation. Euro seems to fare better so far but the ECB printed even more euros than the US printed dollars so I'm minimizing my own euro exposure.

I tried this path, but I find myself disillusioned. So far I don't have a cause I could spend all of my time advancing. I don't have the burning motivation to do everything to found a thriving startup doing some random thing. It is really hard.

Maybe I could eventually find one but the odds don't seem great. Ideally I might work for something like Neuralink but I don't think I can get there. The chasm to making that a reality seems too deep. Though this may be a self-fulfilling prophecy in a way.

As for other startups, I don't think e.g. any of the local ones pay well and, like many would say, I value equity options at zero until they're liquid. I just feel like I've been burned too many times to grasp for more lottery tickets.

Do FAANG in Europe pay more? I once wondered about moving to the US but I don't think I can get a work visa there.

Thanks, but I find that r/Fire is perhaps a bit too conservative and singular-focused. I was hoping to find some other takes on HN. Right now I think InvestAnswers on Youtube has one of a the most clear-headed takes on this (hard focus on crypto though).

Perhaps also something on alternative income streams. I managed to work 24/7 on a startup once, but after it crashed and burned with nothing to show for it, I don't think I can do it again. I tried many times but I couldn't make it work.

AI would be more lucrative to work on but even though I have a degree labelled such, I find the chasm to a job making more money from that somehow impassable. But maybe it's not entirely.

Ah I've resolved my long-standing question about this phrase. All this time I thought it was only used like in mathematics, but not so!

https://www.lexico.com/definition/by_definition

How can it be "by definition"? Is the president defined as someone who picks unsolvable problems? Are the subordinates defined as people who solve every single solvable problem?

Ideally I'd like to extend at least the illusion of an ad hoc PC/workstation to the cloud. For me it seems like it would be less effort until I reach some ridiculous scale that requires more engineering and setup anyway.

Recently I had my desktop freeze, where it stopped accepting any inputs including ACPI poweroff. This time I wondered what is it that causes freezes like this?

Is it RAM bitflips, cosmic rays or other things causing a CPU to malfunction, like here, or is there a more mundane explanation for most freezes?

It seems to me that the system has way too many incentives for collusion across the various levels. Even the DTC is just a private corporation apparently?

The incentives make the system, and so should this system be rethought from the ground up to align the incentives so that never again would this kind of stuff happen againÖ

See: https://old.reddit.com/r/wallstreetbets/comments/l9auf5/impo...

I wonder if it's just common to have many unexplored ideas and unfinished side stories? I recall Accelerando also had many of these, probably A Deepness in the Sky as well (though I don't recall it in detail anymore).

Or maybe I just recall noticing that detail and forget about the ones where I didn't notice it.

Plugging in a past question I had related to this [0]: Given that ECC RAM is not abundant, why don't operating systems have self-checks for RAM? Instead we only tend to have near-post mortem checks with memtest86 and the like.

[0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24642062

I wonder how they're cooling this. That's 10 electric kettles worth of heat output :)

Currently I'm using namesilo as a registrar, and my own domain for email, albeit with G Suite.

I hope that with G Suite you won't get kicked out arbitrarily, but I think I could still recover from that. Hopefully the registrar will never need email confirmation to log in (assuming my DNS setup is there).

Still, I'm worried that could get me kicked out of my registrar illegitimately. Is there anything that can be done to mitigate this aside from using something super expensive like MarkMonitor?

Earlier my account at namesilo got disabled silently when they decided by themselves that my corporate credit card was somehow fraudulently used by me. I got it resolved eventually, but I fear something similar could eventually lock me out completely.

FWIW, I just found out there's a tool called memtester [0] that could fit in here. But then, I wonder why operating systems don't use it. IMO they should integrate these things so it's done systematically for most users unless explicitly disabled.

https://shipilev.net/jvm/test-your-memory/

One of the other submissions relating to this became flagged for some reason: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23526311

I don't often comment on things, but this seems like a slippery slope and a process that I'd like to counteract in some way, so input/comments are welcome. Original comment copied below:

I'd prefer it if things didn't change, including the master/slave terminology (the 'master' branch doesn't even have a 'slave' in git...)

Have the words themselves become bad to use? It seems that this is a USA centric view anyway with its history (and even then it seems ridiculous--why can't these things be compartmentalised as technical terms?)

Slavery certainly still exists in the world, and has existed in most places at some point. Should we rename 'slavery' to something else too while we're at it? Or forget it exists and existed?

Certainly certain terms become antiquated over time, like the vocabulary used in Emacs (yank/buffer/etc vs cut/window/tab/...), but master/slave doesn't seem to be there yet.

I wonder if there's some way to counteract this newspeak stuff? I think it's harmful that these things happen for such frivolous reasons. Does one just have to be as loud as the minority that drives these things, to counteract it?