I asked the developer of Podcast Addict about this and shared the article. This is their response verbatim:
"Hi,
I'm sorry but I don't understand your email. Of course every podcast app connects to 3rd party content to stream it and therefore hosting platforms and tracking services and ad services used by the podcasters will have access to your IP address. Sorry but saying that a podcast app leaks your IP address is as stupid as saying that a web browser does. It's just a tool that connects to 3rd party content, so yes unless you're using a VPN the server you connect to will always have access to your IP address The app doesn't have your location. As you can see it doesn't ask for location permission so the app doesn't have anything to share, but yes your IP will of course be public to any server you connect to
Xavier"