share a single secret to become that specific closed network
No? Pretty sure that isn't true.
You get an address by creating a random private key public key combination (no collisions are ensured by entropy).
You then send an announce packet over all the connections to other nodes you have. This packet tells everyone else how to reach you and that you exist. To send packets to you they send to the connection they got your announce came from, then the node on the other end of that connection sends to where it got the announce from and so on until it reaches the origin node where the destination must be.
The manual at https://reticulum.network/manual/index.html is the best source of information on Reticulum but it isn't very beginner friendly.