19eightyfour

If this article is correct about limitations, couldn't one simply include a Turing machine model into the process to train algorithms?

Some ideas:

- The vectors are Turing tapes, or

- Each point in a tape is a DNN, or

- The "tape" is actually a "tree" each point in the tape is actually a branch point of a tree with probabilities going each way, and the DNN model can "prune this tree" to refine the set of "spanning trees" / programs.

Or, hehe, maybe I'm leading people off track. I know absolutely nothing about DNN ( except I remember some classes on gradient descent and SVMs from bioinformatics ).

Yes, democratic political culture is a culture of popular, low risk decisions, and stagnation. This limits how far these countries can develop. The problem with assuming China will reach the same stagnation, is because that outlook is the situation democracies accept as inevitable, because it's the best they've been able to achieve. It doesn't mean that's the best there is. China runs on a different engine. I believe it can go further. I hope it does, because then they've created a new system that we can all learn from. The current results of political rule in western liberal democracies i find disappointing, so i sincerely cheer on the Chinese for doing something different and hope they have created something better in some aspects.

As you point out, the Chinese are expert copiers. What i love about this is that it means they are open to taking the best parts of what's worked, and adapting it themselves. They're pragmatic, and flexible. I love that about them, because that adaptability and openness to achievements of others ( instead of insecurely insisting their existing way is superior ) means they are effective learners, and can effectively make the most of opportunities. So we can say they are simply doing this with policy, politics and governance, to create a new system.

Their risk taking attitude means they can run lots of experiments, different policies in different cities, and learn from the results. Remember tho, their scale didn't just happen. They built a country that big. Also, it's not just about having scale, it's about how skillful the choices you make with what you have, are. Russia and India also possesses scale of d different sorts, but they're not as successful to me as China.

yorwba and I believe different things about propaganda and harmony. I think the gap in beliefs is too much to cover here now. We agree that propos is an effective tool, but I believe it can be put to good and that's what the Chinese do. yorwba views propos cynically, and doesn't see it that way at all. Similarly, i think, differ our beliefs about harmony.

Finally i believe the option, the freedom, to make a bold move is a requirement, for taking care of your citizens well being. If your can't take risks because your political system disincentivizes you from doing so, then you're not not able to serve your citizens well being as much as you could. I don't know how you get around that weakness.

China has more skill to be able to run a larger system than places that only know how to run smaller systems. So they have socio-political governing ideas that work at scale, and they've produced consistent results. It's probably because they've been doing stable bureaucracies for 5000 years.

Yes smaller markets are harder to run protectionism on. So it's harder to have an economic policy direction independent of other countries. But that doesn't mean you can't make skillful policy and trade engagements with other big players, and benefit as much as possible from their growth. I don't think this East Asian set has done that, and I think they've let partisan politics and historical resentments get in the way of this. Swapped long term prosperity and regionalism for short term political capital, incentivized by a democratic system.

You're right about trade. It's a nothing point. Since everything is basically equal. Even if China had an asymmetric relationship where it "contributed more" in its trade with the East Asian set, and in its trade with the West, ( and I'm not saying it does have that ) that still doesn't really speak to the differences in any of those traders political systems. So it's totally useless of me to bring that up here when we're evaluating different socio-political systems. Good catch. I think I just raised it to say "you can't judge their success on their Western merits alone, you have to see their interconnection with the China model" but as you correctly point out, that's two way street. It doesn't matter where the trade money comes from, it matters what you choose to do with it. And that's where I think China has more skilfully used their opportunities, as a result of their model, by focusing heavily on infrastructure and long term projects, than the East Asian "WLD" set. You got to play to the short term in a democracy. And in a changing, globalized world, that might be the wrong set of incentives to best serve your population's well being. Too limiting. You're playing the global economy and local long term prosperity with both hands tied behind your back. In the Chinese model they're more free to act in their citizens best interests. Everyone is envious of that. Europe acknowledges this advantage openly. But does nothing. So European.

In terms of living in a society, for me the ideal is to have the option to live in whichever and move between them. They all ( or both, considering USA and China as the two biggest examples of the different models ) have their benefits and challenges. Differences are fun. No one system offers everything. In terms of honesty, what I mean is that they are honest about their censorship and control. Whereas censorship and information control in the West is necessarily secret to preserve the stagecraft of "moral supremacy" and freedom. Yes, controlling information is not honest, but you can be honest that you do it, which is what they are. This is important to me. In the West the spies just lie to your face, and shadow you, in China, they openly harass you in the street and put you under house arrest. A system of control that hides in the shadows is one harder for the average individual to comprehend. One that is out in the open is easier for people to understand. Notice how Chinese citizens routinely circumvent censors activities? The transparency and openness make this possible, and this is just one example. To me, that is the Chinese state showing its citizens respect. In the West, or a Western style East Asian state, the average citizen doesn't know who is watching, what their policy or agenda is, nor what they are doing. To me, that is the Western model showing contempt for the individual it pretends to protect the freedoms of. I sort of see it like, if your partner betrays you would you rather it be an honest open relationship or secret betrayals behind your back? At least the Chinese sec intel apparatus are honest about how they try to control. And Westerners criticize China's human rights and praise their own credibility to do so. Ha. 5D doublethink masters. That kind of dishonesty is just not my style. It's too inefficient. Just be straight up. Own what you do. Stop being such a coward and lying about everything. Is how I see it. This is just one aspect of the transparent and honest interface to the population. But enough for now from me.

Sure the experiment still has longer to run. Maybe you're right and China will have the same stagnation once its economy moves beyond the current hyper growth period or becomes a net importer. It's a good point about Japan. I didn't know it was predicted to surpass USA at some point in the past as well. I guess personally I just find a country that can provide a pretty-much first-world-standard of living ( in the cities, anyway, for a price ), and develop so quickly with so many people, more interesting and inspiring than those that already are stagnating. A country where people are still charging forward, optimistic about the future, rather than bickering over welfare benefits. So, in a sense, I'm pinning my hopes for proof of civilizational advance on the success of the Chinese experiment. I hope they keep winning, so I'm cheering them on. I see a lot of signs to say they will, and I like to counter the ignorance and negative propos about them, but you're right that we don't know yet what path their road will take.

Even if the economy stagnates the same, I'm inclined to think the Chinese will have more social harmony. I'm comfortable with how much I've conveyed about that already, but to summarise it's really based on a culture that I see promotes harmony and values-based-nationalism ( even tho they it is tied to ethnicity currently ), and I hope that is successful in avoiding the painful and wasteful division and fabricated conflict along exaggerated identity politics / tribalistic differences, that I feel is so destructive to social fabric ( and productivity, optimism, focus ) in the West. So while I say they will have more social harmony, clearly I am an optimist and I probably just hope they do, because I hope their system has success where I see the Western one has failed, and lead to a divided society, indulging in policy stagnation and civil ideological conflict.

When you say, "protectionism in general here", do you mean the USA?

Yes, definitely. Pick up the early FRUiTS books by Phaidon for a great, enlivening and colorful overview of 90s street fashion and youth. These images of creativity are what first got me really interested in traveling to JP.

Firstly, tho, the economic success of these three countries is on many fronts a direct result of China's rise, while their own policies have kept them back on some fronts, economic integration with China has helped grow them.

Second, these other countries are smaller. It's easier to administer a smaller country. You next next level social organization and governance to guide over 1bn from poor to rich.

And specifically, Japan copied a Western economic model wholesale, and is stagnating. Their loss of national mojo, and lower fertility paint bleak outlook. They still hold their inflexible idealism, which no longer really works for them, while Chinese are far more flexible, pragmatic and entrepreneurial, culturally, by nature. Their dynamism couldn't be farther apart. China wins hands down. Plus, militarily, they depend on US. China has independent command of the world's largest standing army. Japan's more exposed to future risks.

S K is a success. I respect and admire. Also grew prosperity from conflict in short time. But it's a bit player economically. Its economic drivers are more fragile, and overly concentrated, than China, politically it's beholden to US alliance despite new leadership, and it's hobbled, culturally and sociological by its division. China is stronger.

Taiwan is a great country to stay in, it's very comfortable and they have great social infrastructure, far more than compared to China. It's, in some ways, a model for what aspects of China may trend towards. But it's also a lesson. Policy stagnation, fabricated protectionism against the "Chinese bogeyman", a result of willful exploitation of historical ignorance, where the Chinese mainland is blamed incorrectly for the abuses of the initial KMT under CKS after they fled the civil war, wasted decades of opportunity of economic integration with skyrocketing China, while democratic leaders spent this as political capital on bickering, that seriously retarded growth, and gave the people an unnecessary persistent suspicion and chip on their shoulders. Things are changing rapidly now, but they'll never recover those decades of lost growth that resulted from those policy blunders. Also on average the people are far more laid back and lazy than the average mainlander, less ambitious, and more likely to blame their economic stagnation on other nations success rather than taking responsibility and working to create improvements themselves. While the mainland would compete, the Taiwanese will complain. Their generous welfare state has already created a much acknowledged culture of dependence which plunders dynamism and productivity. I wouldn't say China beats Taiwan, but China has made the most of their many opportunities, while Taiwan has missed many.

So these three countries have exhibited the familiar failures of our Western democracies that China has avoided: economic and policy stagnation, welfare dependent suppressed productivity, lack of focus and direction, are just some of the symptoms.

As much as they are each successes, they're not as successful as China has been with a very different model.

It's not just economic policy and single party rule, China cultivates national pride and controls information in a way that has worked for increasing productivity. This concept is anathema to western liberal orthodoxy because it's incorrectly seen as an affront to personal liberty. But personal liberty doesn't exist in a vacuum, it is contingent upon the state (no time nor inclination to refute the anticipated W liberal objections to this now,we simply see things differently as we're on different sides), and when control of information and cultivation of national attitudes leads to greater personal freedoms, the Western intellectual ideal view is left looking sterile, ineffective, dishonest, contrived, impractical, unhelpful and naive.

As to comparing the wealth of nations of China vs WLDs, it's on a different timescale, but, China has grown faster (look at GDP) and more, and discount the future value with a cool headed view of Western and Eastern trajectories, and maybe you'll see they're on the same page. They'll probably exceed US eventually in raw terms. But even if they never did, the Chinese have a wealth of national pride, cultural and value coherence and civil harmony, that constitutes significant civil wealth.

Also, their system is more honest. The Chinese are open about their propoganda, information control, and single party rule. But in the democracy, the state needs to pretend the citizens have more say then they do, while persisting a deep executive branch behind the changing set pieces of democratic theatre, that is overtly lied about and itself rendered ineffective with regard to the greater good of the people, and limited from taking bold across to advanced their long term interests, because of its need for secrecy. It's a self crippled system that leads to it being less accountable to the citizens well-being, and more inclined to fight only for its own equilibrium, than an honest single party state with a more transparent and honest interface to the population, like China. Unfortunately in WLDs this has led to a runaway and in some aspects irresponsible growth of secret security and intelligence apparatus because of its dislocation from the overt rhythms of the front-of-stage state, necessitating the prolonging or fabrication of conditions to pretend to justify its existence and continued expenditure of resources, such as terrorism, civil conflict and division, and constant war. It would seem WLDs are incentivized in ways that doesn't work for their people.

My view is we need to run the experiment on both systems, the Chinese and the American. And that they both have significant opportunities for improvement and can learn from each other. Even if West exceeds China now in fiscal wealth (tho probably not in net present value considering discounted future returns), China exceeds West in civil wealth. Obviously less learning will occur the more each pretends the other is stupid or bad.

you want to engage, but I'm not going to right now. thanks anyway. for serious consideration etc.

i realize my comment is a little too extreme even for my own view. i criticize the West very strongly here, and while i don't walk back from any of it -- this comment doesn't express any of the deep love I have for the US.

anyway, this thread is not about me, so I won't bother spilling what the full spectrum of my views are. i'm fine to misrepresent myself to make an important point as I have done: there's so much anti-China propos that Westerners are blind to what they could learn, so a strong pro China stance is required to counter all the anti-China rubbish, also even those "pro China sinophiles" are often blind to the absolute illusory fantasy scale of Western liberal democracy, and so I wanted to combine those two things together in one mega punch hit. :p :) xx

it's okay. nine_k and i are on "different sides" in view of this. I know nine_k does not want to see it differently. we shall not agree.

but for anyone else who comes across this and is still working out how they feel about this here's a thought experiment:

okay, so you've heard that China is led by selfish autocrats who are evil. now imagine the PRC ruling elite actually does act in the best interests of the Chinese people. just for the sake of the experience, try it on. conceive of the possibility.

next imagine a state that doesn't do that. there's plenty of examples of selfish failed dynastic dictators to pick from. philippines, north korea. we're not even touching on africa. the trajectory is clear. pillaged prosperity.

now look at China's trajectory since Mao kicked the nationalists out. compare to examples of failed single party states.

which type of leadership matches more closely the trajectory of China?

i get if you want to stick to the "evil elite" story. it's easier to dismiss China if you think their leaders are selfish and evil. if you don't live in China, it's more comfortable to deal with envy of their rise by paying yourself off by pretending they're worse in some ways. and if your view is correct, no foul, probably. there probably wasn't anything to learn there anyway, since you were "right" and they were "wrong". you can safely ignore China. but...what if that view wasn't correct? What if they were doing it right? doesn't being blind to that forfeit a chance to be inspired by their achievements and learn from them?

would you entertain the possibility you were mistaken about the leaders? what if you were? what if China is led by people who act in the interests of the Chinese and seek the revival of China? what if they were successful doing it?

maybe you think, well, who cares, it actually it doesn't matter what their motivations are, as long as they deliver. and they sure have delivered growth, prosperity and harmony.

but what if it does matter what their motivations are? what if their motivations their ultimate goal, the cherishing of the Chinese people, is key to their success? I fully understand the painful resistance to anything that is like self-confidence, national pride, or englightened nationalism in a country that is very publicly going through a "dark night of the soul", exposing its self-doubts and self-hatred, equivocation and division for all the world to see. "please don't remind us of anything that looks like shining nationalism that works. don't remind us what we lost!" but, if you really understood the chinese people you'd see that their unity of pride in who they are is really key to who they are becoming, and to their success in this transition.

americans used to be proud of themselves as well. now they're going through their adolescent "low confidence" "self doubt" and "conflict" stage. it's messy. it's not helping their country in obvious ways. but surely the tumult is helping the long term. i'm sure there is a future they can get to where their self confidence and pride in who they are guides them again. but that's probably a very very long way off.

you've got to make up your own mind about what you see about china. i hope my enthusiasm or openness to other points of view has helped you see a bigger picture than the mainstream self-soothing anti-China propaganda, that obscures the truth and doesn't really help anyone -- except to console, for a little while.

but who needs consolation when you get results?

success is a far better consolation than pretending the other side are "bad".

ok, so on to other stuff now. i shall not continue this thread. :);p xx

not assuming anything. just looking at the results. from poverty to riches in 70 years, civil harmony and > 1bn people, clearly the proof the party doesn't know what they're doing.

the truth is the PRC is ruled by technocratic geniuses. Even their critics admit as much. most of them are engineers. you SV Cali republic folks ought to be eyeing this as a model of development + progress can be done right at scale.

but i get there's years of propaganda to see through to get to that point.

Yep, it has a big hole.

I currently consider this broken since, turns out that XOR and permutation do not commute over each other, and anyway to get them do so so requires knowledge of the secrets to be transmitted in a way to the channel that lets attacks recover them.

The need for XOR can be removed, but then each half of the AONT(message) is exposed. I couldn't see a way around this. So even tho I'm sure there is a way to construct a secret exchange on insecure channel mechanism (probably using 3 pass) I do not see it right now.

This probably has a big hole in it that I missed. But I just feel there must be some way to make a PK cryptosystem using Chinese Remainder Theorem. And I've found it in this one way at least.

I'm somewhat concerned this is simply the (already broken) Knapsack PK cryptosystem, but I don't know enough about that to say if it's different or not, essentially. Anyway, I know this community is not totally deep into reviewing crypto from random people, but I'm putting it out here as a record and in case anyone sees a hole the care to point out. Thanks!

Sure.....but then I think everyone ought to be able to down vote. Or only the mods. If it's a tool, it's either a tool for all, or a tool only wielded by the ones who define community standards, work to enforce them and act basically objectively in line with those principles anyway.

If it's not that objective tool, then it's a tool for everyone to wield subjectively. That's what I'd prefer.

I know others may feel differently. This is how I feel about it.

Oh no I didn't mean it in a retaliatory sense specifically, I meant it like everyone having the option to do it, or no one except the few ( the mods? the ones who have objective standards ) having the options.

I meant like they can downvote me, and I can't downvote them, or anyone, at any time, because I don't have that whatever the requirement is ( mod level, karma level ) yet...so it's like this asymmetry that doesn't exist in the real world.

I don't feel any restriction talking to any human in real life. Nothing they can do to me I can't do back to them. So it's balanced. I'm safe. We're equal. I understand other people may feel differently, this is how I feel.

But on HN, I can't downvote. So there's this asymmetry. To me, it's a perversion. Because in the real world, only the State has a monopoly on legal violence. Only the state can use violence, legally. But on HN, downvotes don't only come from mods or police, they come from whoever has accrued sufficient karma -- and I don't equate this with a sort of objective, regulated, principle-based State level power.

So the state has a (correct, IMO) asymmetric monopoly on legal violence and can dish it out to people as it sees fit, but people cannot do the same, without either expecting to get the same in self-defense, or getting consequences from the state. But on HN, any random Jo with enough karma has the analogous asymmetry power.

That's what I meant. It's not necessarily about retaliating, it's about having that option on the table, rather than some people having it and others not having it.

Or no one having it except the State ( the mods, I guess ).

Definitely. And I can't downvote back...so I don't like that asymmetry.

Yeah, when you talk and track people's facial expressions in real time, you can see which particular things they disagree with, so you have useful feedback. A down vote is sort of like someone running up behind you and king hitting you, for something you said in some other group earlier, and maybe you don't know why. It's not always so non-specific...but not being able to respond to a downvote...makes it an incredibly potent tool to control discourse.

I mainly want to see what people are like who are effective but also don't care about being downvoted.

It's a nice community-supporting sentiment but I think the idea that such a powerful tool as a down vote is only used for noble purposes, rather than to condemn and silence dissent or as an "easy out" substitute instead of a comment for something one disagrees with, is a fiction. Am I saying all downvotes are tools of censorship and punishment of diversity? No. But I feel down votes are powerful tools, and to me the idea that they are only used for good, while noble and community supporting, is naive.

So from the point of view that considers down votes something of a problem, what solution do I see? Nothing really conclusive. I think a step in the right direction is if downvotes only affected the comment they pertained to, and not overall reputation -- then I'd feel a lot more free.

Underrated comment.

Happy 4th of July, people of USA!

Thanks.

Thanks then.

Thanks for the post. What are the special icosahedron related functions one commenter said could be used to solve quintics?

For background on 3-pass protocols, see [1]

This could have some holes, so I'm putting it out there to see if anyone can poke some in it, or seeing if it can stand up. It's flexible enough that it can encompass a family of ways of doing this -- but I'll consider it defeated if there's a fundamental flaw with the central idea of using AONTs to confound adversaries attacks. My plan with this is, if it does work out, not to patent it, but just to implement it securely under MIT license.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-pass_protocol

Okay, I saw that, but thanks for saying it. What does right to left mean specifically? How would you compute it without a sliding window / or make it fixed time?

How can you compute modular exponentiation in a Time Safe way, regarding some pseudocode or a link?

How do you architect that, regarding DB, code and endpoints?

Incredibly creepy.

No. I'll take a look, thanks.

That's a cool idea.

Hopefully man on man abuse comes out as well. Sex abuse between all pairings / genders happens but there are not so many women VCs so it's unlikely that's going to come down here. But there are quite a few gay VCs.

My advice to everybody is keep meticulous notes and records of your interactions with others, regardless of gender. This is important to expose abuse and to expose lies.