East of Palo Alto’s Eden

http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/10/east-of-palo-altos-eden/

by erehweb • 12 years ago

209 117 12 years ago

lsiebert5• 12 years ago

This is some excellent long form journalism on how systemic issues have created an absurd divide between Palo Alto and East Palo Alto.

yummyfajitas16• 12 years ago

What does "systemic" mean? How can I determine whether an issue is or is not "systemic"?

afarrell• 12 years ago

"Systemic" generally means that something arises out of the interaction of parts, not simply being a result of the sum of those parts individually. At least, that's how I use it.

hnriot• 12 years ago

it simply means the opposite of local and really I think that's what the parent comment meant. The issues in EPA are local and not systemic.

jarsin• 12 years ago

that depends on what the definition of "is" is...

tlb• 12 years ago

You can determine that an issue is systemic when any solution would require major changes all through society.

Other classes of issues include "budgetary", "political", "legal", and "personnel". The way you approach each class is different.

Although most issues that cross a public official's desk are not systemic, the most publicly debated ones are. That may explain your semantic fatigue around the word.

enlightenedfool• 12 years ago

"We don’t even want people like you in our subdivisions". It happens even now. I see in our Boston suburb, whites usually abandon apartment communities that increasingly host foreign workers. And that's not because of violence. I really don't find it bizarre and it's perfectly natural. We find ourselves more comfortable among people of our own kind. If that's not acceptable then nationalism too shouldn't be because that's another kind of discrimination and at a different level.

longlivegnu• 12 years ago

people of our own kind

We're all humans? Aren't we all our own kind? There is no need to make further segregation.

mc3211• 12 years ago

While I agree there is no reason to segregate along artificial "racial" lines, with seven billion people its not the same as living in a "tight knit" village. Sometimes foes arise and you need to segregate to that extent. Also in the workforce you need to segregate on ability ; in education among age/development/ability lines.

Domenic_S• 12 years ago

Well, let's be honest, there are groups/divisions of people. Although the biggest divisions are, imo, related to wealth, not race.

barry-cotter2• 12 years ago

That is the cant, yes. Personally I'd prefer to live among obnoxious judgmental hectoring Berkeley liberals than in an Amish or Hasidic neighbourhood but I'd prefer either to the kind of place where the police come around all the time.

yzzxy• 12 years ago

That quote was referring to racist homeowners who were planning to leave when Asian Americans moved in:

---

"The same issue affected Asian-Americans. When progressive suburban developer Joseph Eichler’s company sold a home in 1954 to an Asian-American family in Palo Alto, word spread through the neighborhood and five homeowners approached the company demanding immediate refunds.

'Get out,' Eichler’s business partner, Jim San Jule, told the white homeowners. 'We don’t even want people like you in our subdivisions.'"

---

Segregation is an insidious evil that can exacerbate problems such as violence and poverty for generations after legal controls or social pressures disappear. See: the entire city of Chicago and the issues it has faced.

"Seperate but equal" was abandoned by SCOTUS decades ago. Maybe it's time for you to catch up.

mc3211• 12 years ago

In addition you have the reverse now happening where parents seek out Asian neighborhoods for the better schools and a sharp focus on education.

sliverstorm• 12 years ago

I'm in favor of desgregation, but if John Homeowner wants to flee the neighborhood (which is what enlightenedfool describes), that is his choice. It is not our right to tell him who he must live with.

yummyfajitas16• 12 years ago

Segregation is using threats of violence to force people to live separately. "Separate but equal" was enforced at the point of a gun. The OP explicitly disavowed that.

He's describing voluntary movement. For example, the tendency of Mexicans to live near each other, or for Indian immigrants to the US to live in Jersey City or Edison.

Enlightenedfool's point is that most people, including very pleasant people, harbor tribalist feelings. And these tribalist feelings inform consumption choices. For example, the bad romantic comedies my girlfriend watches have a disproportionate number of black people in them - eventually google informed me that "African American Comedy" is a genre.

A steelman of enlightenedfool's point might note the condemnation of white people making consumption choices based on tribalism, and ask if a black woman preferring to watch movies with Meagan Good and Taraji P. Henson rather than Kate Hudson and Jennifer Aniston deserves similar condemnation.

elorant• 12 years ago

First time in the last three years that I bothered reading an article on Techcrunch.

tomasien• 12 years ago

People seem to be downvoting this, probably because they think it doesn't add to the discussion, but I agree and I think it does. It's worth noting that this is WAY WAY different than what TechCrunch usually writes and it's of a significantly higher quality.

frankchn• 12 years ago

If you liked this, I recommend TechCrunch's excellent piece on SF housing issues by the same author: http://techcrunch.com/2014/04/14/sf-housing/

Osmium• 12 years ago

I recommend TechCrunch's excellent piece on SF housing issues by the same author

I think we should start paying a lot more attention to authors than to the domain names they write on. Not reading the byline is something I've been guilty of for sure, which is why I'm trying to become a lot more conscious of it now. In this case, both pieces were written by Kim-Mai Cutler.

e28eta• 12 years ago

I'm glad it was all on one page, not paginated

jefflinwood2• 12 years ago

There's a huge demand for housing of any kind in the Bay Area, so it doesn't surprise me that areas like East Palo Alto and the Bayview are going to face a lot of demographic upheaval, unless new housing units are brought online in other areas.

There doesn't seem to be any appetite whatsoever for filling in more of the San Francisco Bay to create land, and there are restrictions and conservation easements on most of the land stretching from 280 to the Coastside.

One possible area to expand into would be Coyote Valley, south of San Jose, which was a growth target during the first dot.com bubble in 1999, around a Cisco campus. If Caltrain could put in a station there, along with express lines, that may open up a middle-class area to new housing opportunities.

lsiebert5• 12 years ago

But you can't treat those details, the restrictions on growth, the way that poor people were pushed into substandard locations that only now face demand, the lack of new housing elsewhere, as something that just happened. These are systemic issues.

jefflinwood2• 12 years ago

Nothing about this has just happened - if you read the article, they even have a link to a 1994 article in the Christian Science Monitor about the divide between East Palo Alto and Palo Alto.

Rent control ordinances in East Palo Alto probably help the current community stay in place (unlike other Peninsula towns).

The article also explains the role of subprime loans (in the context of refinancing for existing homeowners) in causing a loss of home equity with the existing community, especially between 2003-2008, which was in-between the booms in the SF Bay Area.

hijinks• 12 years ago

problem is no one with money is taking a chance there. Everyone with money goes to other areas that have more of a chance to turn into a "good" neighborhood.

mc3211• 12 years ago

I'm not sure what you mean by 'money' but people with professional incomes have moved into units in EPA. But, it's double edged. Middle class people move in, drive up prices, bring their expectations (parks, education, culture, etc), tax base and slowly drive out long time residents --and then you get people who bemoan 'gentrification'. They want the coffee without the caffeine, as it's put. But then, if it does not gentrify, then others lament the lack of investment and 'flight' of those who can leave due to some success, or whatever --it's not as if people living there would not move out and find a better neighborhood if they could (with few exceptions of the kind of people who love 'grit' and 'authenticity' as if other people are inauthentic, somehow.

Basically, it's a complex situation and many (but different) people will be unhappy with the different possible outcomes of change in the community.

tmuir• 12 years ago

Just like the public pension debacle in Illinois, it seems like the entrenched interests of Bay Area's housing problems would rather watch the whole thing burn to the ground than admit that their positions are untenable.

mrkurt• 12 years ago

There's a little more to it than that. NIMBYs and outdated housing density restrictions are a problem, but prop 13 is incredibly harmful as well. The entrenched interests for that particular mantle includes "anyone who owns property".

thrownaway24243• 12 years ago

It seems very silly to me that people want to bulldoze Coyote Valley in the name of housing when "downtown" Mountain View, flanking a mainline commuter railroad, consists entirely of single-story buildings and parking lots. There are many, many, MANY opportunities around the Bay to replace wasteful developments with real ones. Just look at the grotesque waste of the Blossom Hill Caltrain area. It's strip malls, parking, and sprawl for miles. If you go further out, you'll get more of the same.

mc3211• 12 years ago

Quite right. I think the whole Camino Real strip from San Jose to Daly city could be turned into a high density corridor with subway line running below (or above) connecting SF to SJ and all the new downtowns in between. Like a really long Van Ness going down the peninsula.

Old timers could keep their quaint towns --whatever, but at least allow a modern city corridor down The Camino with good density and the accompanying amenities (design it with self-reliance in mind so as not to incite needless driving). The thing that irks me most is the anti building anti progress contingent which aims to keep the whole of the bay area preserved as it was in 1964. Look at China Japan Singapore Holland get a clue learn to change with the times

dluan3• 12 years ago

When we first moved down to the bay area for YC, we moved into a new development house in EPA right next to Ikea. I frequently joke that EPA is not the same as Palo Alto, and while the rest of our batchmates had apartments in dowtown Mountain View or houses in the Los Altos hills, I really enjoyed living in EPA.

It was grimy, I'd frequently hear cop car sirens at 4 in the morning. And, there wasn't much to do in the immediate area unless you wanted to cross the freeway into Palo Alto. Being there was always a stark reminder of how little that community had, and also how little we had compared to all of the riches around us. Being there felt appropriate for us.

I appreciate my time in EPA, because it was a little microcosm that trapped some of the larger, harder problems of the real-world, hidden inside the bubble that is silicon valley.

salemh• 12 years ago

Link below is dead dismissing your comment.

To be honest, I'm not sure why your own comment adds to the discussion either.

I appreciate my time in EPA, because it was a little microcosm that trapped some of the larger, harder problems of the real-world, hidden inside the bubble that is silicon valley.

I suppose it is that.

[1] dead link made a snarky comment towards bravery and a movie flick.

lmm• 12 years ago

I've heard Heart of Darkness called many things, but not "movie flick". It's a novel, or novella if you want to get fancy.

dluan3• 12 years ago

I think you might be reading too much into it. Spending time in EPA was a constant reminder that I was voluntarily stepping into a bubble everytime we left. The dichotomy was and is still unbelievable.

A lot of people have the distorted view of SV as some golden paradise, where the roads are paved with 1's and 0's. That is not the case. There are very real problems, but most times people try to talk about it, it's always rooted in some struggle to make SV better (e.g. housing).

ForHackernews• 12 years ago

This comment is unbearably smug and lacking in self-awareness. You were almost certainly a bunch of kids fresh out of an elite university, choosing to temporarily forgo six-figure salaries in hopes of making millions by enrolling in a prestigious startup accelerator. Your situation had nothing in common with those of people trapped in a cycle of generational poverty resulting from years of segregation and violence. One would hope you might have learned some humility and empathy from your time there, but instead it seems to have become grist for your self-aggrandizing origin story.

dluan3• 12 years ago

I was afraid that if you read my comment in a certain tone, then it might come off as smug. It wasn't meant to be. I've edited it so it will be less so.

Stratoscope• 12 years ago

The redlining maps of San Francisco and Oakland are interesting, but their resolution is artificially limited. You can see the full resolution maps by removing the height and width parameters from the URLs:

https://tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/nbnlkqx...

https://tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/oakland...

thrownaway24243• 12 years ago

A good use of these maps is to wave them under the noses of real estate agents and inform them that it is the Western Addition, not Pacific Heights.

IndianAstronaut• 12 years ago

White flight is still an occurrence today in the bay area. For different reasons though. Cupertino is very heavily Asian dominated and many whites move to south San Jose or other areas.

lern_too_spel2• 12 years ago

Not sure why you're getting downvoted. This has been true for more than a decade. The remaining non-Asians in Cupertino have been sending their kids to private schools in higher numbers. http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB113236377590902105

bjones223• 12 years ago

I grew up in Redwood City and maintain very close friendships with high school teammates from EPA. This article caused me to make an account on hacker news so I could share a not so unique, but perhaps unheard, perspective on what it means to have a community like East Palo Alto (a.k.a. 'EPA') in the middle of silicon valley.

EDIT: this post quickly digressed into a four page behemoth that was too long to post in a single comment. It's long and I fear the formatting would have been awful. I will put up a WP site sometime tomorrow so that I may edit it and format it nicely. Below is a brief excerpt from the end. I'll make an edit to this post as soon as the WP site is up.

----------------------

If anything is to be taken away from my experience and these stories is that the men and women who are forced to grow up in this environment live in cyclical state of despair. A vacuum that requires quite nearly a winning lottery ticket to escape.

For it to be located so close to the affluent areas of silicon valley is practically criminal. It is eerily close to being the pit in which Bane grew up in during the Batman movies, the one where he lived in a prison that could see freedom and happiness just a couple hundred feet away.

If I make any sort of dime in Silicon Valley I fully intend to research and hopefully participate in philanthropy that will contribute to problems such as these.

I believe it becomes our responsibility when it is in our own back yard.

mc3211• 12 years ago

To me this community being next to an affluent community is neither here nor there. It would not be better if it were in Yolo county. If I were in the same economic position as a resident, I'd prefer to be close to an affluent area --at least there are second and third tier jobs to be had not too far(probably anyone who is able to secure a first tier job would no longer stay in the community). But if you're in a trailer park in Yolo county, what are the prospects there?

Also, let's not forget the myriad trailer parks which dot bay area cities and towns. They're hidden behind freeway sound abatement walls so people forget about them but they have it pretty tough as well.

bjones223• 12 years ago

I was just considering the same point. While I didn't answer it in the first draft of the accidental essay I just wrote, I'll include it in the second.

The jest is that by having two disparate groups so close to each other, it encourages an us versus them mentality that discourages community members from embracing some of the attributes of the other group (in the case of my essay it would be education, because I write a lot about the different ethos that students had depending on which region they lived in).

Regardless I believe your points still have a large amount of merit. Especially the last which points out how those that are fortunate tend to alternate between fads of 'caring' for various less fortunate groups, in this case it is that of East Palo Alto.

gyc• 12 years ago

While the article is well worth reading, I was bothered by the article implicitly defining Asians as not counting towards a diverse workforce. I admit my point is unrelated to the bigger points of the article.

mc3211• 12 years ago

This is quite true. Recently I've seen where neither Chinese nor Indians are counted as minorities. I think what happens is once a minority makes it then you're no longer considered a minority in some discussions... It should be noted Chinese in California were highly discriminated against in law till the 50s and 60s (could not own land, for example) so its not as though they had it "easy". They had to work hard to get to where they are. on the other hand I get it we want to lift up the classes which have not made it yet so once a current minority makes it we work toward integrating left out minorities till one day no one is a minority, economically speaking

ecspike2• 12 years ago

I read it as more so that Chinese and Indians are overrepresented by population in tech sector jobs. So while they are culturally minorities, in the workforce that might not be the case.

jonny_eh2• 12 years ago

These days whenever I point out I'm a member of a minority by being Jewish I am practically laughed at.

pron11• 12 years ago

Because diversity isn't intended to make class photos more colorful but to include members of marginalized communities in more powerful circles.

Bahamut• 12 years ago

While I do not want to take away from the large struggles that African Americans and hispanics/latinos face (I very well understand them, having attended a public high school in the NYC suburbs with over 70% being black in one of the most affluent counties in the US, where most of the affluent white parents moved their kids to nearby top 100 public schools or private schools), as a Korean American, I have encountered subtle reverse discrimination. It is partly due to luck that I have overcome the effects of such discrimination to succeed.

I would like to see us move towards a help people who need it mentality, and not have to worry so much about the ethnicity of the person who needs it. I realize that this isn't quite possible currently due to the strong correlation between the two at the moment, but it is the long term goal that would prevent this type of issue from perpetuating.

ktothemc2• 12 years ago

Happy to answer this. At the very top of the story, I linked to my own family history, which I wrote a year ago. I am both white and Asian and it's true that my parents and grandparents worked incredibly hard to get to where they are in Silicon Valley -- through both poverty and war. However, the point of this story was to dissect exactly how there are substantially different structural barriers that face both African-Americans and Latinos in post-war California. I don't think pointing this out takes away or diminishes the things that my family had to overcome to succeed in America as immigrants.

bcx• 12 years ago

If you liked this article, you might like the movie Dreams of a City, which talks about the creation of East Palo Alto: http://vimeo.com/23458988

EPA's has a really interesting history, back in the 1920s an entrepreneur by the name of Charles Weeks started a Poultry Colony, preaching "one acre and independence". (http://www.paloaltoonline.com/print/story/2008/04/16/one-acr... , http://www.santaclararesearch.net/SCBIOS/cweeks.html) - you can still see the remnants of this in the structure of the lots along Runnymede street. http://epawiki.pbworks.com/f/Remnants+of+a+Failed+Utopia.pdf

mpweiher2• 12 years ago

While the article is an interesting read overall (didn't know about the connection to "Dangerous Minds"), it perpetuates the myth that Palo Alto Airport was imposed on an existing poor/ethnic community.

This is not true, the airport preceded other development, having been opened prior to World War 2.[1] There were similar voices after the twin-engine Cessna crash as to the outrage of building an airport next to (inexpensive) housing[2]. The causality is reversed from the truth: the housing was/is cheap because there was a pre-existing airport. (And routes do not go over East Palo Alto's residential areas).

(Oh, and the starting photo brings back memories of entering the pattern to land)

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palo_Alto_Airport_of_Santa_Clar...

[2] http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/2010/0217/Tesla-plane-crash-Con...

MilnerRoute• 12 years ago

"Dangerous Minds" was actually based on a school in Belmont, California (according to Wikipedia). Some of the students in that school were from East Palo Alto, but the article is conflating the two.

   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangerous_Minds

I assume that's an innocent mistake, and not an attempt to make the city sound more dangerous than it is.

ktothemc2• 12 years ago

Yes, that was my mistake about the airport and I corrected it.

mpweiher2• 12 years ago

Fantastic!

lrvick2• 12 years ago

Decided to start over in the bay area last year with my wife. Our housing criteria was: central to everything (I have locations of interest all over the bay), Within walking distance of my job (Downtown Palo Alto), 1 bedroom, low rent (under $2k/mo), 100Mb+ internet, and the ability to move in right away. Everyone told me that was impossible.

EPA however met all that criteria perfectly. Landed on a Friday, picked out an apartment over the weekend, and had the keys on Monday. Unlike many areas in the bay, demand is fairly low in EPA and there are available apartments everywhere.

Despite being a perfect fit for my needs, never did I realize what kind of judgement I would get from so many people for living here. I get a shocked expression almost every time I mention I live in EPA. Some people even get angry. "Why would you drag your wife to place like that?!?!". Many people I know when shopping for apartments themselves openly say there is no way they could ever live somewhere so "unsafe" and just consider my wife and I to be "lucky" or "living dangerously". The very idea that a white couple with a tech job income would -choose- to live in EPA blows peoples minds. I used to just tell people I live in Palo Alto to avoid the judgement, but now I happily claim it and discuss the misconceptions. My wife and I are pretty happy with all our ideals met. We won at housing by ignoring meaningless stigma and will be squatting here for a while. Might even buy a house while the market is still 1/4. Property value here is sure to soar once people realize the "murder capitol" age is distant history.

The stigma from past history is incredibly present, but the _reality_ is this is one of the safest feeling places I have ever lived. (And I have lived a lot of places)

hueving• 12 years ago

Interesting. I'm hunting for a new place on the Peninsula after getting bent over a barrel by my current landlord.

Have you had any issues with car breaking or other nonviolent crimes? Do you see lots of 'street youths' loitering so to speak? :)

lrvick2• 12 years ago

Nothing of the sort. Mostly children playing kickball all day where I am.

e40• 12 years ago

Opinions change slowly, as you have found. It's part of human nature. Expect this attitude to extend into the foreseeable future, unfortunately. People like to parrot what they've heard in the past, so that tired trope will not die soon.

Btw, the same things have been said about Oakland for many years. I try to tell people that the (bad) crime in Oakland is very much contained in bad areas, and most of Oakland is not bad, even downtown.

Glad you found a place that you're happy with. Congrats!

lern_too_spel2• 12 years ago

While it's not as bad as the '90s, gang violence still occurs regularly in EPA in spite of your anecdotal evidence. http://blog.sfgate.com/stew/2014/11/11/what-are-the-bay-area... and http://m.sfgate.com/crime/article/16-indicted-in-gang-crackd...

EPA has been a dump long before the 1950s, when this article begins its history. When Stanford opened for business, alcohol was prohibited in a one mile radius. Right outside that mile was Whiskey Gulch, where EPA began and high crime rates with it.

sophacles• 12 years ago

The stigma thing is sadly true of people. The place I live - a college town in IL, is in a really cool little neighborhood. 20 years ago it was solidly "the ghetto". 15 years ago the residents got sick of it and started organizing community efforts to make it a nice place. 10 years ago, the city got involved and started helping residents through policing, community and "historical districting". The people who had caused problems - prostitutes/pimps, drug dealers, gangers, started working elsewhere, and the "bad" areas contracted on themselves. A lot of folks in that lifestyle started living well instead, the rest retreated.

5 years ago I got my house for 1/2 of what the same house in other parts of town would cost. People thought I was crazy despite how much the area had changed for the better. These days the area is undergoing some gentrification, and it's sad seeing families move out to be replaced by graduate students - I like a neighborhood where there are children playing, and families hanging out. Heck, someone broke into my house once, shortly after I moved in, and the fact that there were families at home meant the cops were called and caught them in the act, rather than now, where I suspect an afternoon break-in would go unnoticed since no one is around.

But despite all of that - people still say "wow, it must be scarey living over there. You have good job, upgrade out to the booneys, is being close to downtown really worth the risk?". I just laugh. And consider buying the next house up for sale to rent to grad students.

michaelochurch• 12 years ago

I lived in Baltimore for a year and a half. Oddly enough, the part of Baltimore I lived in was far safer than, say, Williamsburg where knife attacks and drug-related violence were still commonplace into the late 2000s (and possibly later).

Baltimore's problem isn't the poor blacks. It never was. (Yes, there are some in the drug trade, just as there are some low-income whites in it.) I feel sorry for them, because they've been abandoned by the economy (deindustrialization) and the politicians, and they almost never do any harm to others. Its problem is the whites in the suburbs ("the county") who've basically abandoned the city, going in for July 4th and New Years and an occasional trip to the Aquarium but otherwise avoid never deign to live there (and, therefore, don't pay taxes and leave the city poor despite being in one of the wealthiest states in the country).

ecspike2• 12 years ago

I think part of Baltimore's problem is that the great areas are very close to some not so great areas. You can have houses that have gained 100% in value and walk a couple blocks in the wrong direction and be in a bad area.

Baltimore is also plagued by The Wire. More people than I can count have tried to wax philosophical about Baltimore's problems despite having never stepped a foot there.

Baltimore is actually in the midst of becoming more hipster. There was a reverse flight of poor people to areas in the county when they demolished the high-rise projects and replaced them with single family homes. There are areas downtown that feel more young professional and vibrant with upscale bars and breweries.

cafard• 12 years ago

I worked in Baltimore at the end of the 1980s, not far from Penn Station. The Monday Sun usually had a handful of murders to report from the weekend, and there was a shooting (not fatal) across the street from our office one day. The reputation for violence may be out of date now, but it was well earned.

Baltimore's disciplined voting habits have given it disproportionate power in the state government. The late William Donald Schaefer appeared to regard Maryland as a life support system for Baltimore, not just when he was mayor but when he was governor. I doubt it will do as well under Hogan who is a) Republican, and b) from Prince Georges County as it did under O'Malley.

But yes, there are perfectly fine parts of Baltimore.

nawitus2• 12 years ago

Pretty funny that Wikipedia states East Palo Alto had "only" five murders in 2008, even though the population is 28000. From an European perspective even a single murder would be significant..

adventured2• 12 years ago

That really depends on what part of Europe you're talking about.

Russia has around a 10 to 12 per 100,000 murder rate. Belarus is around a 5.7 per 100k. Tallinn is over 7 and Tirana is over 6, and Chishinau is near 6, Riga is 5.4, Vilnius is 5.4, Amsterdam is 4.4.

The murder rate in NYC is lower than those for example at about 4 per 100k. The US murder rate is about 4.7, so it's comparable to Amsterdam as a whole country of 320 million people, including the extremely violent parts of the US.

The murder rate in Boise Idaho is about 1 or 2 per 100k typically. Seattle is in the 3's these days, comparable to Brussels. Mesa Arizona has half a million people at a 3 murder rate; Portland is around 600k at the same. San Diego is at around 1.35 million people with a 3.x murder rate.

The US has numerous cities with severe murder problems, and it also has a lot of cities without such. You can find many cities in the six figure population zone with murder rates of 1 or 2 per 100k.

Ultimately in the US you can live in whatever kind of world you feel like living in.

nawitus2• 12 years ago

The typical intentional homicide rate in Western and Nordic Europe is slightly more than 1 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_intentiona...), which is a large contrast to about 18 of EPA.

East of Palo Alto’s Eden

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