What is Local first development

https://alexop.dev/posts/what-is-local-first-web-development/

by yonz • 1 year ago

119 55 1 year ago

alexop.dev

recursivedoubts• 1 year ago

Effortless Collaboration: The app supports easy collaboration, even in offline scenarios.

mmm, yes, i see

Animats• 1 year ago

Like resolving Git merge conflicts.

evbogue2• 1 year ago

The author clearly is referring to cloud apps that require one to be online with their collaborator to edit. The alternative is a locally encrypted self-congratulated neural mesh network where one computes their own inputs to the hard drive.

evbogue2• 1 year ago

Another option for offline collaboration I'd like to suggest is sharing a keyboard with a friend. It's local-first.

x0x0• 1 year ago

well, see, if you just hand wave away the really difficult part, and ignore the other really difficult thing (we have a perfect track record over 40+ years of users being terrible at sysadmin of their own computers), then this local first thing is super easy.

edit: to be clear, local first is interesting in theory, but I need a little more than draw the rest of the fucking owl.

roncesvalles• 1 year ago

Sync is still an unsolved problem. The solutions that claim to do it aren't very satisfactory.

swiftcoder• 1 year ago

Fully-generic character-level textual sync is an unsolved problem (and likely, always will be).

That's also not typically the best way to sync one's concrete data models, and if your data has any sort of structure, you can likely produce a merge operation that works Well Enough™ in practice

sausagefeet• 1 year ago

IME, and experiences may vary, "Well Enough" merge function usually means corrupt data, confusing outputs, incoherent semantics, and frustrating debugging sessions at any kind of scale beyond playing around. YMMV.

mentalgear2• 1 year ago

Reliable Sync from a syntactic (e.g. rich text) or data structure level is possible already with CRDTs, there are many excellent solutions (y.js, automerge etc.).

Semantic sync (for example when 2 people have modified a draft of a novel and want to sync): how to auto sync both versions so the resulting text makes sense and has no duplicates, is indeed much harder, and requires manual revisions (like git revisions), possibly with LLM suggestions.

immibis• 1 year ago

Text editing CRDTs fall in the category of things that are technically possible, in an incredibly useless way - just like it's possible to automatically "resolve" every Git merge conflict by randomly splatting the conflicting lines around in the file.

isaachinman• 1 year ago

Not at all true. One good solution exists.

ValtteriL• 1 year ago

Was hoping this to be about development happening on my host OS instead of containers/orchestrators.

crabmusket• 1 year ago

The phrasing threw me off too. I've usually heard of the OP's topic referred to as "local first software", not development.

yencabulator3• 1 year ago

I was hoping this to be about development happening in containers/VMs that can run on my local computer or elsewhere, as I wish.

Black616Angel• 1 year ago

Picture using these apps offline with automatic synchronization when you’re back online. This is the essence of local-first web development – a revolutionary approach that puts users in control of their digital experience.

I had to laugh very hard at the "revolutionary approach". How is it revolutionary, if software was developed "local-first" for decades?

Techbros really do come up with the oldest ideas and call them revolutionary.

baq4• 1 year ago

I laugh (maniacally) every time I need to change a jinja template generating a nightmarish yaml and remember the glory days of xml with affection.

Revolutions always have been the young one's business for a reason, I guess.

theshrike79• 1 year ago

XML had XML Schema and DTDs, making automatic validation a breeze.

Its only issue was that it was a massive pain to type by hand and no good GUI editors really emerged.

And some developers didn't understand the format and shoved stuff into attributes that should've been elements and vice versa.

globular-toast2• 1 year ago

I suppose "local-first development" is a misnomer. It's really about the syncing part. Currently we have traditional applications that write data locally and therefore don't require an internet connection to work, and we have online stuff that updates a shared state "live". The "revolutionary" part would be having both of those things. It's a surprisingly hard thing to do.

The current state of the art here is git. So we're basically talking about making git automatic and easy to use for the majority of the population. That's not something we've been "doing for decades".

powersnail• 1 year ago

I can think of so many pieces of software that does that: having a local state, having a remote state, and keeping them synchronized whenever internet is available. It's how email apps work. That's how all cloud drives work, and Dropbox is more than a decade old at this point. It's how notes apps work. Etc. etc.

Really can't see how this can be regarded as a recent idea.

InsideOutSanta3• 1 year ago

Many applications work like that, particularly ones made between 2000 and 2010. Operating systems have whole stacks of SDKs and libraries dedicated to that exact behavior (e.g., CloudKit in OS X).

ninalanyon• 1 year ago

Google's Keep Notes works well enough for me.

orphea• 1 year ago

  Techbros really do come up with the oldest ideas and call them revolutionary.

Wait until they start vibe-coding these ideas.

quectophoton• 1 year ago

"Let's invent a thing inventor, said the thing-inventor-inventor after being invented by the thing inventor."

— bill wurtz, 2017, in the video "history of the entire world, i guess"

ergl• 1 year ago

It might be helpful to read what "local first" means in this context: https://www.inkandswitch.com/local-first/

sagolikasoppor• 1 year ago

My main gripe with this is how do you charge users? They can just put the browser in offline mode and continue to use the app forever.

Also it's very hard to follow up bugs or other errors if users are often offline. I giess you can queue up errors being sent and so on but still. Syncing means that you probably have to have a complicated logic, especially if the data you are seeing can be modified by others. How do you solve merge conflicts?

I really like offline first web apps, but it is way harder and more expensive to build I think. For a startup it means more time before you can deploy your app and where I live there is pretty much fast internet everywhere so it kinda is solving an issue that very few customers will face.

fisf• 1 year ago

People have figured that out for desktop applications years ago.

baq4• 1 year ago

That's literally how all software development used to work. All of these, except merge conflicts, are solved by expiring licenses, collecting logs and uploading them when asked or when connectivity comes back and it doesn't matter if it doesn't, it's the user's choice.

Merge conflicts are truly the only unsolved issue and for good reasons. Notably offline IDEs work together with on-demand-online version control software to solve this problem, and also have been since forever. Hard part is getting non-text data to merge; you usually implement file-level checkout/checkin logic (see perforce, sharepoint, etc.)

staticelf2• 1 year ago

Well, Yes. But users today are used to everything being saved remotely, especially on a website. I think customers would be very angry if suddenly their data were gone because a sync didn't go through and data were lost because they cleaned their cache on perhaps another site that then affected all sites.

People do have higher expectations on software than they used to have. There are also other issues with syncable states than the OP wrote about. Just imagine that you upgrade your api, you will have to be very backwards compatible for a long time or force users to update their web apps when they come online again.

It's easy to mess up service workers and it's possible to put stuff in a state which is almost unable to recover from unless the users affected clear their cache and then risk losing all of their data. Stuff like that can't happen with a normal web app.

While all of these things are certainly possible, I also do think that the development time is longer. You will have a hard time to compete with businesses that don't care about local first stuff since they can pump out features in a higher rate than you can because you have to care about states in a much deeper sense.

It makes sense for some apps to be local first, but not really for that many imho.

InsideOutSanta3• 1 year ago

"My main gripe with this is how do you charge users?

Sometimes, I feel so old. Recently, I read about a junior dev who did not understand that you can build websites that aren't SPAs and was confused when Chrome's debugger cleared itself on a page reload.

People have been charging users for offline apps since before "offline" was a concept that needed to exist because back then, everything* was offline.

* with exceptions.

diggan• 1 year ago

My main gripe with this is how do you charge users? They can just put the browser in offline mode and continue to use the app forever.

Let users pay a price to download the application, do some magic key activation (that could work offline too) like countless of professional software? Ableton, Spine2D and Cascadeur are some recent software I've purchased that works just like that.

Syncing means that you probably have to have a complicated logic, especially if the data you are seeing can be modified by others.

Yeah, I think if you have an existing application/architecture/design and you try to shoehorn in local-first with sync in there, there will be some additional work. But if you design your data structures with that in mind, it gets a lot easier. So as always, way easier for greenfield projects than migrating existing ones.

How do you solve merge conflicts?

Depends on your application. In many cases, CRDTs (just one example) can automatically resolve things based on however you set it up. And for when that doesn't work and you need manual solving, that gets easier too as you can easily see exactly where it doesn't merge, and it gets a lot easier to build the tooling you'd expose to the user to resolve it.

eimrine• 1 year ago

They can just put the browser in offline mode and continue to use the app forever.

You are so optimistic about browser's garbage collector! What you have said is possible, but I need a whole computer devoted to use some web-browser software in such a way. Any another web-page can make the "system" to crash and bye-bye foreverness.

It was better 10 years ago when I could buy a 1-day trial to some expensive newspaper, then open all the long-reads and read everything effectively free. Now any web-page tries to be very much smarter than the user and I would rather never use any proprietary "app" for not even seeing what the vendor has prepared to such a digital scavenger.

inetknght2• 1 year ago

My main gripe with this is how do you charge users? They can just put the browser in offline mode and continue to use the app forever.

Charge users to buy the product. Don't charge users to use the product. I know it's a revolutionary way to think.

Also it's very hard to follow up bugs or other errors if users are often offline.

Yes, so?

I giess you can queue up errors being sent and so on but still.

Have you asked the user if they want those errors, which often contain private information, to be sent?

Syncing means that you probably have to have a complicated logic, especially if the data you are seeing can be modified by others. How do you solve merge conflicts?

There's tens, if not hundreds, of solutions to sync. Why don't you take a look at one of the existing solutions?

I really like offline first web apps

Really? It sounded like you wanted to charge users and didn't like the idea of users going offline. Kind've hypocritical to then say you like offline-first.

more expensive to build I think.

Not at all. You should be building and deploying in containers. Containers can and should be 100% local first. You download the dependencies (`FROM` statements) and then disconnect from wifi. If you can't build after that then you're doing it wrong.

For a startup it means more time before you can deploy your app

Not if you're doing it right.

where I live there is pretty much fast internet everywhere

I'm happy for you! Unfortunately you seem to be the type of person who wants to reduce cost. That means remote workers. Remote workers often live where their internet is very sub-par and/or metered. Local-first (and especially offline-first) will help reduce cost even more.

it kinda is solving an issue that very few customers will face

I assume you're in the USA. You shouldn't take the FCC's connectivity reports at face value especially after certain people have gutted the FCC's ability to provide reliable connectivity data. You also shouldn't assume that every customer around you has access to fast internet because, unfortunately, last-mile internet service providers have a tendency of monopolistically abusing their customers.

If you're not in the USA... well I'd still be willing to bet that you're wrong unless your customers are exclusively in an urban environment.

dariosalvi78• 1 year ago

the problem with this is that most browsers employ persistency rules for OPFS that are not very transparent, at least for the user, or not very predicable, at least for the developer. In other words, a user can find his/her data wiped out all of a sudden.

Here some info: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Storage_API...

There is also a discussion on HN: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39222328

You can use the file system API as an alternative, which is permanent, but it's slow, requires the user to remember where the file was stored, and not recommended for things such as databases.

This makes the whole purpose of it a bit pointless in my opinion. What is your experience with it?

mellosouls• 1 year ago

Actual title:

What is Local-first Web Development?

kreco• 1 year ago

Not sure I really understand the "development" part of it even after reading the article.

What is Local first development

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