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I think about this a lot when I see UI redesigns that "look fresh" or "updated" while actually reducing productivity and degrading the life of the humans

This ^^^ it totally annoys me having to relearn programs when I'm faster with 16bit versions from the early 00's.

If you ever wondered about the claim that denim is self cleaning, it refers to the use of methylene blue being used as a dye, "dye" being synonymous with the word "drug" in the 1800's as it was also the first man made drug in the world.

Whilst it has a variety of properties, when exposed to near infrared light (red light) because it penetrates the tissue more deeply, MB's activity greatly increases its anti bacterial, anti viral, anti cytokine, anti-fungal, anti depressant (MAOI), and more activity. Its a rapid electro donor, some 30times faster than auto oxidation in the mitochondria, and unlike vit C, another electron donor, it increases the conversion of ferric iron (state3) into ferrous (state2) iron helping to improve physical performance which is why its an effective treatment for methemoglobinemia.

The main reason it fell out of medical fashion? The blue stain gets everywhere! Used extensively by the US Navy, it even helped coin its own saying "Even at the loo, we see, we pee, navy blue".

But this is how denim was self cleaning, leave the clothing out in the sun and the dye got to work on the bacteria you'd find in your clothes, and whilst copper rivets in jeans were used to hold the clothes together in a rugged fashion, the copper also helped play its part in being an antibacterial implement.

Whilst the medical profession are revisiting it, its cited as cancerous, but this was based on a lifelong study on F344 rats which are a 1920's breed of rat, that were inbred and predisposed to various cancers and thus became one of the cancer model rats. This appears to be a form of vested interest manipulation by some sectors of the scientific community in order to manipulate decision makers so much so its enough for Canada and the UK to ban it!

But that is how Denim self cleans.

Most people dont realise that thrush can kill.

75% of women will have at least one episode of vulvovaginal candidiasis and this is when thrush gets out of control, but it can still be spread when its not out of control because its practically impossible to get rid of.

In-hospital all-cause (crude) mortality among people with candidemia is approximately 25% and remains a persistent public health problem[1].

What annoys me, is this knowledge is not something new, its been known for decades and I remember the sex education I got at school or complete lack of it apart from the mechanics but never taught the implications of STD's et al, which means the Govt and health experts are fuelling these persistent public health problems along with all the nutters who should be locked up in the funny farms who think God will save them!

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1797637/

So the next question is, does this also apply to the RFlags(64bit) and Flags(16bit) register?

Still not got it.

https://www.gov.uk/alerts

People can report their feedback via this link.

https://surveys.publishing.service.gov.uk/s/A7XZXQ

Yes

18 or over

No

My Device did not receive the Alert or I dont Know!

https://www.reddit.com/r/CasualUK/comments/12w9mt4/its_fucki...

Wayback Machine, if it spiders a website, and storing data in a youtube video.

https://hackaday.com/2023/02/21/youtube-as-infinite-file-sto...

As someone with a high signal lesion in the genu of the corpus callosum caused by childhood head injuries I think the brain split in two halfs is simply an impact "kill switch" for severe adult head injuries.

Ergo extreme impact trauma to the head results in the brain breaking the connections between the two hemispheres at the corpus callusom, resulting in immobolisation. However this could also be a temporary kill switch which immobolises the body until such time as the brain's neuroplasticity has restored the corpus callosum.

In such a condition the individual would likely be left for dead, be going hungry and quite likely thirsty which creates an increase in phagocytosis which in turn causes an increase in h2o2 and then catalase the enzyme from the liver breaks this down to water and oxygen, ergo the conditions to help the body live, if not in a slimmed down form (pun intended) still exists and lends credence to fasting.

You might like to read this. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4476552/

PirB aka LILRB3 is also a protein involved in Alzheimers, toggling it affects neuroplasticity which includes vision.

https://www.nature.com/articles/nrn3616

A weakness electrical systems and biological systems both have is they dont always know where the instructions were issues from, so if the can bus is viewed like a nervous system, injecting messages can cause problems especially if the device doesnt verify the authenticity of said message. Biological systems cant do this, but digital can take steps to improve the authenticity of said messages.

In a way its a problem CPU's suffer as well, when thinking of code that pretends its a USB mouse and keyboard and then destroys stuff off the computer whilst masquerading as the user. Until such devices have self preservation built into them as standard, the ability to hack devices remains easy.

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells are something oncologists have been looking at to create an unlimited number of T cell's, and PSC comes from the bones, so I wonder if bone health is an indicator of immune system response? Its quite common for people to break bones and the flat bones have the red bone marrow that makes the pluripotent stem cells. They can take Mesenchymal Stem Cells and convert them in the test tube into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to then become T Cells in the body, but I think they have as much control over the differention of T Cells once in the body like some oncologists using radioactive iodine for thyroid cancer only to find it dispersed around the body with some congregating in the thyroid and not having teh effect they hoped for.

In todays polluted world I wonder if we dont get enough omega 3's considering the role's they play and the triterpenoid's seem interesting.

The most surprising results I've seen is with a batch of histidine, but subsequent batches didnt solicit the same results which makes me wonder if the 1st batch was something like histidine dipeptides or some other reason like cellular pools being depleted of something. Considering histidine helps immune cells move through tissue to targets, aging suggests histidine levels are depleting even if an individual is healthy.

Same goes with glutathione, in disease and aging, it also depletes to dangerously low levels, problem is bacterial biofilms love it to reactivate themselves and until recently it was thought supplementing was a waste, but recent studies contradict this idea.

Actually I'd argue you dont even understand the basics of addiction.

I found out Omega 3's are used to get people off opioid and alcohol addiction.

Why is this?

The DHA part of Omega 3's is one of the main raw "ingredients"/chemicals in the brain and it helps with learning (brain plasticity), but it takes time, in kids it takes a few months before improvements are seen and in adults it can be longer because their bodies are larger. Ironically if you have an out of control teen, dosing them up on omega3's should help rein them in, whilst putting them in good standing for a longer healthy lifespan because of what they do to oesteoclasts.

Omega 3's also down regulate oesteoclasts, these are cells that destroy the bone and release it into the blood stream. Why does that happen? Because the calcium amplifies the effect of the catcholamines (andrenaline/noraandrenaline/dopamine). You can find catcholamines in a coup of tea which probably explains the extreme nature of the British! Its ironic that in old age, we end up literally but mildly out of our faces on the chemicals that are illegal!

If you are an adult, take several grams of omega3's for about a week or two and then feel your aches and pains. Err towards the two weeks if you are older and/or have really partied in your younger years. It will make you feel old, but this is a classic example of no pain no gain because whilst your bones are dissolving into your bloodstream helping to mask the pain and stimulate you in ways reminiscent of cocaine, speed or plain old off the shelf sudafed, they are a step closer to repairing themselves. The other step is increasing oesteoblast activity, the bone building cells, which is a different conversation, but if you feel wired at night when you want to get some sleep vitamin K2-MK4 is an excellent sedative in 5/10/15 milligram amounts!

Omega 3's also increase the size of the neutrophils, these make up a large part of our immune system cells and are the first line of defence. They go after pathogens, like most bacteria, some viruses, alien pathogens like plastics from bottles, nylon from toothbrushes, polysterene from fast food outlets, polution from vehicles like brake dust and emissions and other crap in our body.

So omega3's help our body stay healthier for longer.

Its not the only chemical that helps, beta alanine is another chemical which can make people quit addictive substances but you'll feel nauseous on it. However considering inflammation is reduced on a calorie restricted diet because the immune system doesnt have to attack as much food, it breaks down into a variety of chemicals which stimulate glucagon that increase blood sugar so you feel satiated for longer, so its a cheap alternative to semaglutide the Hollywood weight loss injection chemical and some of the Sulfonamide chemicals which were invented by a Nazi scientist (prontosil) that helped Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt Jr, which are sulfur based antibiotics. It also gets desposited rapidly into the olfactory bulb so your sense of smell comes back rapidly and it also helps people with hearing loss to work out the words and sounds more quickly reducing the number of times they have to ask a speaker to repeat themselves. But by being able to smell better which is another of those creeping aging losses, you get to smell how bad things are.

When thinking of where pathogens are likely to enter the body, it seems logical from an evolutionary perspective to have a chemical beta alanine making up the sensing and detecting of pathogens which can also become a sulfur based antibiotic! In fact is this what gave Gerhard Domagk the idea to investigate and develop them? We shall never know, but I do know one thing and this comes out when looking at historical medicine, the medicine that worked from the 1800's and early 1900's still hold their own in todays world especially with antibiotic resistance. Keep the pathgens at bay your live a longer less stressful life.

So how much are pathogens and poor diet contributing to addiction, considering the above? People consume chemicals to seek solace. So addiction like this needs to be treated as a health condition, and the medical experts need to up their game and be less schadenfreude about it.

Is the refusal of experts to recognise the above, a stealth form of exploitation to keep their high paychecks and "respected" position in society?

There are chemicals and pathogens (bacteria and virus) to make people do nearly any behaviour. Once this is recognised, most problems with society become a health care issue.

What got this whole thing weird is that C doesn't like zero sized objects, but implementations were allowed to return a unique pointer for a zero sized allocation.

Some of the windows API's work like this, so how much is pressure from MS?

Same discussion from 7 months ago.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32352965

https://thephd.dev/c23-is-coming-here-is-what-is-on-the-menu...

https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n2897.htm

Pattern matching ram for variables/objects whilst they exist even if zero'ed or prefilled with a value doesnt give perfect security. Random values would make it harder to work out the variable/object.

State employees earn very little which is why they carry out their own extra curricular criminal activity to top up their wages.

What they lack in official wages, they more than make up with by using criminal loopholes and sailing close to the wind, like any nation proud of its pirated seafaring heritage, its where the saying cross someone's palm with silver comes from, also known as Danegeld.

Menaquinones are the naturally occurring form of vitamin K identified in bacteria.

Different bacteria make different chemicals which can be useful to humans.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7928036/

Is it any different to the Germans eating fermented sauerkraut, or Asians eating fermented Soy source?

A Bank Insolvency Procedure would mean that eligible depositors are paid out by the FSCS as quickly as possible up to the protected limit of £85,000 or up to £170,000 for joint accounts

That was still £85k in the 2008 Financial Crisis.

Why does the Bank of England ignore inflation when it wants?

It makes Crypto safer, if it wasnt for the massive amounts of funny money aka fiat currency thats inflating crypto and then taking it down again!

If I deposit a dollar in my bank account. Do I legally own that money? Or do I have a legal contract with the bank that they’ll give me back that money?

In the UK, no, the money becomes the property of the bank its been deposited with upto the £85,000 deposit protection scheme which has not gone up since the 2008 financial crisis.

https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/prudential-regulation/author...

Its the same in the US and other countries, the money on deposit is the property of the bank, which is why these central bank/Govt protection schemes exist in various countries.

Europe has the largest banking sector in the world, bigger than the US as its been established for longer.

Whats interesting with SVB is they chose to go in the opposite direction to what some call Basel 4 which others call Basel 3 or Basel 3.1.

Basel 3.1 is an international banking accord which came into force on the 1st Jan 2023, which forces banks to have more money on deposit in an attempt to compensate for the viral nature of the internet and modern day communications.

Todays Banks Runs are examples of the viral nature of the internet, and the US freedom of speech makes the US banking sector more vulnerable than the rest of the world when it comes to banking stability.

Throw in the US mindset typified by Facebook with their slogan "Move fast and break things" and this mindset is exposing and weakening the US banking sector.

Banking should be boring.

It will be interesting to see what big name US tech companies have been affected by SVB besides the lessor known unicorns, but right now I'm shorting the US tech sector in general.

If you are selling property in Silicon Valley and have had an offer, get the contracts signed and deal completed asap, Silicon Valley is going down.

Thats too extreme, there is an unspoken culture in the UK, for example the saying, stiff upper lip, its a reference to keep quiet and carry on, like those war time propaganda posters and tee shirts you now see adorning many things and people.

I've been in a unique position to see some of that mentality, army cadets doing military baths on other teenagers that carries on into the military, beastings of sorts.

A violent profession like the military or police have a lord of the flies fraternity culture. The officers get their own mess, ironically Royal Marine officers have to be physically fitter than a normal Royal Marine and operate on less sleep, ie first up, last to bed, but going to a private school will help enormously for officer selection across the military, this is one place where snobbery and not meritocracy is order of the day. Now considering the unhindered privilege the military commands I would say the upper classes do abuse their rank, but this is also a culture created by private school attendance, more so boarding than day school.

Just look at the massacre of Amritsar [1] that mentality still exists in some circles today, I cant really speak highly of Eton of all places, but then I got to witness some military personnel when the first black person took place in the trooping of the colour, and the bile that was coming of the mouths would put any racist to shame!

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jallianwala_Bagh_massacre

I've been looking into these home water purification systems. A good one will strip pretty much anything out of the water, so as a window cleaning company that used their own water to clean the glass put it, its dead water, in theory nothing can survive in it. Now to touch and feel that "dead water" it was like handling liquid silk without the thickness or resistance. It would be like having the most luxurious bath or shower you'd ever have without any cleaning products like shower gels, bath soaks etc. It also means the amount of cleaning product used, like washing powder for clothes, shower gels, dishwasher product, goes down and becomes more effective as there is no mineral to interfere with it. Technically pure water is an acid.

Anyway I have not found any suitable answer for cleaning the water pipes after these strip everything out of the water filter systems, and whilst it shouldnt be a problem if you have copper pipes throughout the house because copper kills most bacteria and some viruses, hence copper water vessels from the past, if you have the new plastic flexible piping in the house, cleaning will almost certainly be required.

Penicillin based antibiotics when they are broken down in the liver become penicillamine and this causes the body to release lots of copper into the blood stream, so how much is that having an antibacterial effect on the body? Plus copper is also needed for interleukin-6 which kills alot of cancer, so if doing lots of penicillin antibiotics, your risk of cancer could go up if your dietary copper intake is not high! Something the medical professionals dont tell you!

So something like what the pubs use to flush their pipes leading up from the barrels and kegs should do it for cleaning the water system pipes after the water filter, but like I say, I havent found anything satisfactory from these household water supply filter people. Certainly copper pipes are best though, and if doing some DIY, dont leave any flux on the pipe because in damp cold conditions, condensation reacts with the flux and it causes tiny pinholes to form in the pipe. A good plumber will clean their pipes down to stop this from happening otherwise you get minute water leaks that can get worse very quickly.

UV-C is the main disinfecting UV light source, but you dont want to go near it because UV-C destroys pretty much anything which is why most of it is blocked in the upper atmosphere.

I know hospitals use it to clean wards and rooms, but it will destroy materials much more quickly, ideally hospitals would clean a ward and room like normal to remove ground on dirt and then use the robots that move around shining UV-C all over the place.

it was certainly easy enough to detect an analogue CRT with nothing more than an AM broadcast radio receiver

Cathode Ray Tubes also emitted a huge amount of X-Rays if you sat too close to it!

I often wonder how much better computers would be if they were designed from scratch with todays knowledge and manufacturing ability.

Would they be that much better?

Words are still 32 bits, because the nomenclature is established. A pair of 64-bit registers together is said to hold a “quadword”. That is, what a “word” is is was defined by the original history of the architecture; after that, it’s likely historical.

https://cse.unl.edu/~goddard/Courses/CSCE351/IntelArchitectu...

A byte is eight bits, a word is 2 bytes (16 bits), a doubleword is 4 bytes (32 bits), and a quadword is 8 bytes (64 bits)

I think I'll stick to the Intel definitions.

Sounds like Capitalism is the dream, along with Democracy, Religion, Law, and Medicine.

The older I get the more I think Marxism is an accurate representation of life and he wasnt so blatant to state that criminals run the world.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marxism

This doesn't solve the problem you have in mind - verifying the file is genuine; it solves the problem of verifying that what you got is what you expected

Exactly.

Secondarily, because the files usually sit on a different server than the site itself, the hash lets you detect some cases of your download being tampered with in-flight, or the file itself altered on the server.

That assumes the download file is on a different webserver, but if they can gain access to one server, its not beyond the realms of possibility they can alter the hash values on another webserver.

I just find all this crypto stuff to be misleading whilst it overstates its effectiveness.

CD hash signature

How do you know the CD Hash Sig is genuine though? I see this with hash values on websites next to ISO and other files.

Its like a really blatant confidence trick when you can pull one of those off!

When Trump pressured EU to ban Huawei 5G equipment, he did it to protect Cisco and other American suppliers

This is true, Huawei have worked hard by leapfrogging on the tech, so whilst the rest of the world was working on 4G, Huawei concentrated on developing 5G.

Leapfrogging is a valid form of business development so it would seem logical to concentrate on the next generation of mobile phone technology as they have done here.

It means they have more patents than any other company.

https://www.huawei.com/tz/news/tz/2022/huawei-keeps-leading-...

"ranked No.1 with a patent family of 6,566"

" By the end of 2021, Huawei held more than 110,000 active patents across over 45,000 patent families"

So just like we see Apple have patents for the curves on their icons which means no one else can have curves on their icons, and other tech companies have their own myriad of patents, the Chinese have fought back against the Anglo-Saxon world and won a battle.

But I'm really surprised to see Germany come out with something like this, I've always considered them to be better than the UK and US especially with Schroders reunification of East Germany, but it looks like the 5Eyes+X (5EX) country's also includes Germany now with this action.

And if businesses get this sort of treatment without evidence, can you imagine what the life of an individual is, who gets these Anglo-Saxon dirty tricks?

Trust me, its not worth living!

The US tech companies are psychologically weaponised platforms, in my experience TikTok isnt.

How does anyone trust software uploaded to the Internet Archive?

Also please understanding aliasing.

With ISAM files (dbase, clipper, etc files), one simply duplicated the file definition in code and pointed it to the same file on disk. Them were the days.

I'd also add, be aware of the time it takes to build and deliver views and stored procedures result sets, some of them kill the server, but at least sql servers only deliver the results over the network, unlike ISAM files which copied the entire set of files down to the workstation in order to then build the "view". Talk about congest the network.

TO the OP, I'd pick something that interests you and then look at what languages are being used in that domain.

Whilst its common to hear about the pythons, dotnet, java languages, in practice, there are many languages out there many being used in niche applications. Not all recruitment agencies deal with niche programming languages, so recruitment can take place in other ways, like via internet forums and user groups.

For example, one of the global companies that makes credit and debit cards uses this parser to control its manufacturing process. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GOLD_(parser)

They have different machines for making the card, programming the chip, printing and embossing, and all these different machines use different programming languages to control them and there are sometimes different machines in different parts of the world to contend with, because the banks like to get your replacement card out to you overnight anywhere or nearly anywhere in the world.

If you look on the back of your debit/credit card, you can usually find who manufactured your card.

So if you want to go mainstream, life might not be as rewarding. If worst comes to the worst, get a job working for security services, they like to train people up and you'll get an insight into how they think and operate, but you wont be able to tell anyone, its a contract for life which you might not want.

No mention of Lichtenstein when it mentions The Emirates, Norway or Luxemburg.

In contrast, the persistent backwardness in British productivity, which never reached the American level, is usually attributed to the historical weaknesses in the educational system.

The British state getting rid of grammar schools is often highlighted, but during the 70's and 80's the old rote ways of teaching were scrapped, but continued in overseas territories and the results spoke for themselves, higher literacy and education were achieved on average in these overseas territories than back in the UK.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rote_learning

"However, advocates of traditional education have criticized the new American standards as slighting learning basic facts and elementary arithmetic, and replacing content with process-based skills. In math and science, rote methods are often used, for example to memorize formulas."

This US driven process based thinking, is an attempt and demonstration of the US' desire to have everyone in front of a computer where they can be monitored surreptitiously.

Something else not mentioned is the difference in the US diet compared to the European diet.

If you need a diet to boost GDP, to constantly stimulate then the US diet is it, but it will burn people out more quickly with ill health.

The European model with higher food standards currently is a good standard, especially when comparing how the Chinese have been taught to eat anything that moves, hence their diverse range of palatable foods.

This blog, could enhance its credibility by taking into account factors like diet and health care, instead of just muddying the waters.

Stop making excuses for these criminals that run the country and the banksters who print the money through loans and mortgages.

Politicians constantly move the goal posts, to deliberately muddy the water, as we see with annual budget days.

Banksters print new money when they lend out money without explaining how their Basel Bank of International Settlements approved ponzi scheme works.

I can not for the life of me figure out why the public put up with this status quo, but their audacity is on display for all to see.

France pension system isn't close to bankruptcy.

You are in the Euro zone now and whilst France, Germany and Italy are the main sponsors, I haven't forgotten the Greek Govt crisis of 2009.

I know Norwegians are paper millionaires because of where the Norwegian govt has invested like a state hedge fund, but start cashing that in and and like share prices, the status of paper millionaire will decline rapidly, in much the same way if Zuck cashed in his Facebook shares.

France isn't like the US were people are incentized to build equity for their retirement.

I know, the price of some of your chateaux's are an absolute steal compared to UK houseprices.

The rule of the game here is that current employees pay for retirees and in exchange expect their pension to be taken care of when they are older. The rules are changing midway and people are upset about it.

Well the US Boomer rhetoric perhaps exemplifies the younger generations dislike of their grandparents (and parents) being able to raise a family on one wage, job for life, afford a reasonable family sized home, and have a comfortable lifestyle and retirement, shows how some countries have kind of shafted their young.

Here in the UK, the North Sea oil and gas revenues were _supposed_ to have paid off the UK's national debt, I see that hasnt happened!

But with govt's like this, who needs enemies, when the vampire state sucks the life out of you with the "Death and taxes" idiom.

This blog post could be viewed as a warning about know your windows api's.

GetFullPathNameA [1] (A for Ansi, W for Wide which is now known as Unicode), works with both the dos 8.3 filename and long file path structure and long filenames.

Manifests are not necessary, but then some API's wont return the right data, it will assume its stuck at Win8.1, when it could be leveraging the api's on more recent versions of Windows. Manifests could be viewed like a way to configure your app's functionality in a sandbox.

Admittedly the Win api docs can be a bit misleading but this is rare, something only seasoned devs will spot, but there isnt anything I cant do on NTFS which I couldnt do on other filesytstems.

By default the file paths (directorys) are not case sensitive, but a simple reg entry later (or command of sorts as there are many ways to changes settings) and I can make the FS case sensitive just like many nix FS's are out of the box.[2,3]

With the new OS's its all long filenames, so depending on the API used, you might see the old dos8.3 filename name returned, but more often than not especially with newer api's being used, you wont see the 8.3 format.

And to make that interesting enough, you can also use transacted api's to speed things up a bit more and have that extra control over windows which is useful for High Resolution Time functions [4]. This was introduced when the London Stock Market tried to use windows as its trading platform and it reportedly failed, so MS introduced these changes, which could please some high frequency traders.

The reserved names you mention is because MS is pro active at supporting code written using api's from decades ago, these harp back to the dos days as well, its backward's compatibility on display.

:, allowed in Linux, is a filestream or drive letter signifier on NTFS.

The concept of a drive letter to represent a partition is a MS feature which is why the : is not allowed in windows. In nix world, drive letters dont feature out of the box so thats why the colon can be used.

'file ' with a space at the end of the name, that's a no no here too.

Cstrings aka null terminated strings for filenames, what a pain in the backside it would be if you could have filenames and folders with an unlimited number of trailing spaces...

'File ' (1 trailing space)

'File ' (2 trailing spaces)

'File ' (3 trailing spaces)

'File ' (4 trailing spaces)

Why would you want that? Is this some sort of IT mental bondage or something stealthily hidden away in the *nix world?

In the blog post itself, the section on Directory traversal does not mention anything about the group policy setting which is off by default, but could be used to restrict directory traversal [5]. Again if you dont know your windows OS, this GPO will cause problems to dev's who dont know about securing a windows machine. A well written windows app can test the security settings of the machine in very subtle ways to work out just how good a business or individual has locked down their machine.

Despite the long path support in Windows and efforts like this, it will take “at least” very long before one could reliably rely on paths longer than 260 characters on Windows. Prevention will thus probably remain the key part of the solution for a long time.

When reading this blog post, I think the R developers are catering for the lowest common denominator, namely older API's. It can be tricky choosing what API's to use if you dont know your intended audience, for example, do you write one app knowing it will run on every OS from W2k to Win11, or you do you write two apps, one for Win2k-Vista and one for Vista-Win11 or Win2k-Win8.1 and one for Win 8.1-Win11?

So many changes have occurred, but it might not even apply because the api's used are not affected. However these win API changes do give insights into the area's MS have been concentrating effort on, and also highlight potential exploits, just like WannaCry exploited SMB1.

[1] https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/fileapi/...

[2] https://devblogs.microsoft.com/commandline/per-directory-cas...

[3] HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\kernel\obcaseinsensitive

[4] https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/k...

[5] https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/threat-pr...