Printing $20 trillion and issuing stock with neither resource (gold, silver, any rare or precious material) backing it will cause immediate devaluation of the existing currency and rapid inflation.
Issuing $20 trillion in stock with no service or commodity backing it will cause a rapid drop in the value of the stock, as there will be no demand for the stock.
If you use the $20t in stock to back the $20t in new currency, you're looking at a very rapid collapse in the economy. If you do this in the US, which is still currently the base for the global economy, you're talking about tanking everything. Once, or if, China or the EU trading zone become a more stable alternative foundation, it might not cause as much damage, but you're still looking at a sudden upheaval with this plan.
The alternative, of course, is to use the /people/ as the commodity or precious resource underpinning the 20 trillion dollars, but then we're talking about legitimate slavery. No, thank you.
I'm open to alternative ideas on how to back the investment and guaranteed income. I just see a hole in your current plan, that perhaps you've already thought about and covered.