Ask HN: I can't tell why my site is showing malware warning. 15 years ago
What we have been seeing that web-malware that appears intermittently, only appearing to certain browsers and not appearing twice in a row to the same browser/IP, is usually pushed in via a FTP credential compromise.
The code often resides in template file, in config files and/or sometimes is also put into the database.
We've seen a lot of these kind of "intermittent" malware through the recent timthumb attacks on WP sites:http://www.stopthehacker.com/2011/08/30/timthumb-malware/
You've already got a lot of good information from the other responders, so I will not repeat the obvious, but great, points. Change password, check plugins..