Yes, You’re Irrational, and Yes, That’s OK

http://nautil.us/issue/21/information/yes-youre-irrational-and-yes-thats-ok

by dnetesn • 11 years ago

39 12 11 years ago

api3• 11 years ago

I often wonder if it's truly as irrational as we think, or if the fallacy is assuming that all our behavior should be viewed exclusively as centered upon the individual.

A lot of weirdness looks logical from the perspective of what I call "gene logic." If you frame us as containers for selfish genes, a lot of weird things might become "rational."

crpatino2• 11 years ago

The fact that it ends up being beneficial to the species does not make the behavior any more rational. Strictly speaking, the label rational implies a cognitive phenomenon where some "thinking subject" represents a problem in an abstract way and applies the rules of logic to solve it.

Informally speaking, of course, people use "rational" as synonym of "smart", "cleaver" or even "good". In this case, I think the word you are looking for is closer to "adaptive".

api3• 11 years ago

I'm considering the idea that the thinking subject in this case is best conceptualized as a vehicle for genes. In that case survival/prosperity has a completely different and even alien meaning from what we typically imagine. To give a trivial example: if I kill myself in order to save my children, I have succeeded and this is rational from the genetic point of view. It's not rational from a purely individualistic / hedonic point of view.

m-photonic• 11 years ago

This is true, but it's too easy to go from that to assuming that ALL our cognitive biases were selected for. Some of them just emerge because it's hard to design a brain that doesn't work like that.

But some really basic cognitive biases, like the tendency for irrational confidence, are clearly evolutionarily adaptive.

api3• 11 years ago

True -- if you take this too far you get into the flimsier parts of evolutionary psychology.

On irrational confidence I've long wondered about whether Dunning-Krueger type effects are adaptive. If we had a rational image of our level of expertise, would we give up in despair in the face of undertakings like trying to understand theoretical physics?

darkmighty• 11 years ago

Yea in the end you need to set some axiomatic framework for rationality.

If you asked me, I would probably include some term about the happiness of others around me, and some further away in my stochastic utility expectation-maximization/risk-minimization in that a rational individual should follow. But then I'm not sure if that would be necessary since I might be automatically less happy if I see others are miserable.

Not relevant to this kind of analysis, but there's also a few of bugs (or paradoxes) to naive definitions of rationality: for example, say you took a pill that somehow leaves you completely happy but in a state of "stasis" and people provided you just subsistence food (essentially, taking heroin) -- if you define happiness in a straightforward way it's something you should seek.

In other words, there's no small mathematical formula that will give you the perfect 'rational' action to take, it requires nitty gritty definitions involving the human mind.

nicktal• 11 years ago

Great article and totally stand by this in how I've designed my consumer product. However, it is quite poorly written. If I had not spent a ton of time reading academic papers there's no way I would have been able to follow this.

convexfunction• 11 years ago

Indeed, heuristics and biases have evolutionary origins and served their purpose in the EEA (it really couldn't be any other way...), and indeed, manipulating people into correcting for these heuristics and biases without their knowledge may not necessarily be the best course of action.

I wonder how many people will take this to mean that the study of heuristics and biases is for Misguided Robotic Bad People (economists) and we're Perfect The Way We Are.

rbrogan• 11 years ago

Nice article. I expect that there will be more and more acceptance that we cannot always be rational, and I expect there will be more and more products that help us to leverage our finite willpower to better make rational decisions. I think there is a relation between willpower and rational decision-making. (Which may be a reason why it is good to sleep on something before making a decision.)

Yes, You’re Irrational, and Yes, That’s OK

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