Ask HN: Is there a good introduction to algorithms?

As I try to learn new things every day, I was asking myself, why not build and sharpen my understanding of algorithms, as they clearly have the power to shape our understanding of the world.

And as I am acutally using a lot of these everyday, from smart checklists to google, I would love to learn more about them, their structures and creation.

Can you recommend me some good literature/websites, et al.?